Table 1.
Study characteristics.
| Study (Design) |
Groups (Mean in months ± SD) |
Methods | Diffusion indexes | FA in ASD (p < 0.05) | ↓FA in ASD (p < 0.05) | Other diffusion indexes p < 0.05 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Ben Bashat et al. (2007) (Case control) |
ASD: n = 7 (29 ± 7) TD: n = 41 (38 ± 13) |
DTI Whole-brain ROI analysis |
FA Probability Displacement |
CC (genu and splenium); left PLIC; left external capsule; left forceps minor; left CST | n/a |
Probability in ASD: bilateral forceps minor; left external capsule; left PLIC; blateral ALIC; bilateral CST ↓ Displacement in ASD: blateral forceps minor; left external capsule; left PLIC; blateral ALIC; left CST |
|
Wolff et al. (2012) (Longitudinal) |
6 months HR+: n = 28 (6.8 ± 0.8) HR–: n = 64 (6.7 ± 0.8) 12 months HR+: n = 17 (12.7 ± 0.7) HR–: n = 49 (12.7 ± 0.6) 24 months HR+: n = 17 (24.5 ± 0.6) HR–: n = 33 (24.7 ± 0.8) |
DTI ROI analysis |
FA AD RD |
FA in HR+ (6 months): CC (body); left Fornix; left ILF; bilateral PLIC; left UF |
↓FA in HR+ (24 months): left ALIC; left anterior thalamic radiation | No significant differences in AD and RD |
|
Xiao et al. (2014) (Case control) |
ASD: n = 50 (29.9 ± 5.54) DD: n = 28 (28.2 ± 4.4) |
DTI VB analysis |
FA MD |
FA in ASD: CC; posterior cingulate; limbic lobe | n/a | ↓ MD in ASD: CC; posterior cingulate; left limbic lobe; left Insula |
|
Lewis et al. (2014) (Case control) |
HR+: n = 31 (24.5 ± 0.7) HR–: n = 82 (24.7 ± 0.9) LR: n = 23 (24.5 ± 0.6) |
DTI Whole-brain Network analysis |
Local and Global Efficiency |
Local efficiency in ASD: bilateral T and O lobes (inferior and medial regions), and predominately in the RH for lateral regions, extending to the supramarginal gyrus; the left T and O lobes, extending into the precuneus, and in several posterior regions in the RH ↓ Global efficiency in ASD: bilateral T and O lobes, extending in the RH to the angular and supramarginal gyri. The left pars triangularis and medial orbital gyrus; bilateral T lobes, extending in the left hemisphere to the O cortex, and in the RH to the angular and supramarginal gyri |
AD, axial diffusivity; ALIC, anterior limb of internal capsule; CC, corpus callosum; CST, cortico-spinal tract; DD, developmental delay; FA, fractional anisotropy; HR-, high-risk subjects, negative; HR+, high risk subjects, positive; ILF, inferior longitudinal fasciculus; LR, low risk subjects; MD, mean diffusivity; O, occipital; PLIC, posterior limb of internal capsule; RD, radial diffusivity; RH, right hemisphere; T, temporal; TD, typical developing group; UF, uncinate fasciculus.