Table 2.
Pooled effect size estimates and heterogeneity for four types of outcomes – random effects model
| Heterogeneity | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | Pooled effect size estimate | 95% C.I. | n | τ 2 | Q statistic | I 2 |
| Health behaviours | .33*** | .26, .40 | 105 | .093 | 604.62*** | 82.80 |
| Health consequences | .16** | .06, .27 | 38 | .076 | 196.36*** | 81.16 |
| Participant self-efficacy | .41** | .16, .65 | 20 | .278 | 480.44*** | 96.05 |
| Participant social support | .44*** | .23, .65 | 7 | .067 | 42.67*** | 85.94 |
**p < .01, ***p < .001. Statistical significance indicates the effect size estimate is significantly different from zero. Note. 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; n = number of effect sizes, τ 2 = between studies variance.