Table 1. Association of metabolite clusters with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Targeted metabolomics analysis was performed on blood samples from patients with and without CAD, involving an index (initial) cohort of 174 cases and 174 controls, and a replication cohort of 140 cases and 140 controls (adapted from reference 8).

Factor	Name	Individual Components	Initial Cohort P-value		Replication Cohort P-value
			Unadj	Adj*	Unadj	Adj*
1	Medium Chain Acylcarnitines	C8, C10:1, C12, C10, C12:1, C10-OH:C8DC, C6-DC, C8:1- DC, C14:1, C14:2, C8:1-OH/C6:1-DC, C2 acylcarnitines	0.001	0.01	0.15	0.03
2	Long Chain Acylcarnitines	C18:1, C18:2, C18, C16, C16:1, C20:4, C14:1, C14:2, C16:2, C14:1-OH	0.28	0.34	0.03	0.01
3	Long Chain Dicarboxyl/ Hydroxyl Acylcarnitines	C18-OH/C16-DC, C20-OH/C18-DC, C20:1-OH/C18:1-DC, C16-OH/C14-DC, C18:1-OH/C16:1-DC, C14-OH/C12-DC, C12-OH:C10-DC, C14:1-OH, C20	0.10	0.36	<0.0001	0.004
4	BCAA Related	Phe, Tyr, leu/Ile, Met, Val, C5, Ala	0.002	0.02	0.01	0.03
5	Ketone Related	Ket, Hbut, Ala (−), C2, C4:OH, C14:1	0.18	0.33	0.54	0.41
6	Various	C8:1, C10:3	0.56	0.75	0.79	0.92
7	Amino Acids	Ser, Gly, FFA (−)	0.19	0.13	0.04	0.18
8	Dicarboxyls	C5-DC, C8:1-OH/C6:1-DC, Cit, C8:1-DC, C6-DC	0.73	0.34	0.05	0.57
9	Urea Cycle Related	Arg, His, Cit, Ci4-DC:C4DC (−)	0.0004	0.004	0.01	0.01
10	Short Chain Acylcarnitines	C3, C4:Ci4, C5	0.02	0.19	0.72	0.92
11	Various	C5:1, C18:2-OH (−), C22 (−)	0.62	0.13	0.03	0.01
12	Various	Asx, C22	0.12	0.83	<.0001	<.0001

^*adjusted for diabetes, hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia, family history, BMI; replication group additionally adjusted for age, race and sex.