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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Aug 20.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Transl Med. 2014 Aug 20;6(250):250ra115. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009569

Fig. 4. Denervation alters inflammation-related signaling and suppresses stem cell expansion in mouse models of gastric cancer.

Fig. 4

(A) Time course of five signaling pathways determined by microarray analysis in the anterior side of the stomach at 2 (blue), 4 (green), and 6 (red) months after anterior UVT compared with the posterior side of the stomach in INSGAS mice. Total net accumulated perturbation (expressed as tA score): −4 to 6. tA score > 0: activation; tA score < 0: inhibition. (B) Numbers of CD44+ cells in the anterior and the posterior sides of the stomach of INS-GAS mice at 6 months after surgery. Means ± SEM. P = 0.037 (n = 27, paired t test) between the anterior and the posterior sides in sham operation (Sham), P = 1.00 × 10−6 or P = 6.00 × 10−6 (n = 25, Dunnett's test) between PP and VTPP (anterior and posterior sides, respectively), and P = 1.74 × 10−3 (n = 30, paired t test) between the anterior and the posterior sides within anterior UVT. (C) Numbers of CD44-immunoreactive cells (CD44) and CD44v6-immunoreactive cells (CD44v6) in the anterior and the posterior sides of the stomach of INSGAS mice at 6 months after Botox injection. Means ± SEM. P = 0.034 and P = 0.021, respectively (n = 16, paired t test) between the anterior and the posterior sides of the stomach. (D) Relative gene expression of Cyclin D1, Axin2, Myc, Lgr5, and Cd44 in the gastric tumors of sham-operated or VTPP-treated mice 36 weeks after MNU treatment (n = 4 per group). Means ± SEM. P = 0.04 (Cyclin D1), 0.04 (Axin2), 0.03 (Myc), 0.001 (Lgr5), and 0.01 (Cd44) (Student's t test). (E) Number of cells showing nuclear β-catenin accumulation in the gastric tumors of PP- or VTPP-treated mice 36 weeks after MNU treatment (n = 4 per group). Means ± SEM. P = 7.00 × 10−6 (Student's t test). Representative immunohistochemical microphotographs are shown below. Scale bars, 40 μm. (F) Number of Lgr5+ cells in the stomachs of PP- or VTPP-treated mice 6 weeks after MNU treatment (n = 5 per group). Means ± SEM. P = 4.00 × 10−6 (Student's t test). Representative Lgr5-GFP+ microphotographs are shown below. Scale bars, 20 μm.