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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Mar 26.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2014 Sep 30;11(1):35–44. doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2014.162

Figure 4. Therapeutic modulation of AMPK and SIRT1 as an Entry Point for “Stop Signals” for Chondrocyte Pro-Catabolic Reprogramming by Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Altered UPR and Autophagy.

Figure 4

The Figure schematizes the proposal that the bio-energy sensors AMPK and SIRT1 can be an integrative entry point to therapeutic suppression (red lines) of the inflammatory process-mediated re-programming of chondrocytes to a pro-catabolic state. In this manner, there is potential to slow the progression of OA, but this question needs direct testing in vivo.