Table 1.
Study Type & Author (Reference #) | Publication Year | Study Period | n | Restrictions | Ages (Years) | In-Hospital or 28-day Mortality | Only ICU-Survivorsa | Long-Term Mortality | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6-months | 1-year | 2-years | 3-years | ||||||||
Population Studies | |||||||||||
Nielsson (13) | 2013 | 2005–2011 | 6,266 | ≥80 | - | Yes | - | - | - | - | |
2,332 | Medical | ≥80 | 44% | Yes | - | 25% | - | - | |||
2,581 | Acute Surgery | ≥80 | 40% | Yes | - | 27% | - | - | |||
1,353 | Elective Surgery | ≥80 | 12% | Yes | - | 12% | - | - | |||
Wunsch (5) | 2010 | 2003 | 35,308 | ≥65 | - | Yes | 14% | 22% | 31% | 40% | |
2141 | MV | ≥65 | - | Yes | 30% | 39% | 49% | 58% | |||
33167 | No MV | ≥65 | - | 13% | 20% | 30% | 38% | ||||
Kahn (16) | 2010 | 1997–2006 | 18,660 | Discharge to LTAC | ≥65 | - | Yes | 42% | 51% | - | - |
Cohort Studies | |||||||||||
Fuchs (12) | 2013 | 2001–2008 | 7,265 | ≥65 | 26% | Yes | - | 25% | - | - | |
Baldwin (19) | 2013 | 2005–2009 | 2,536 | Medical-ICU only | ≥65 | - | Yes | 28% | - | - | - |
Roch (22) | 2011 | 2001–2006 | 299 | ≥80 | 55% | Yes | - | 37% | 53% | - | |
Sacanella (23) | 2011 | Not Stated | 230 | No Prior Functional or Cognitive Impairment | ≥65 | 30% | Yes | - | 21% | - | - |
| |||||||||||
Range | 12–55% | Yes | 13–42% | 12–51% | 30–53% | 38–58 |
ICU: Intensive Care Unit; MV: Mechanical Ventilation; LTAC: Long-Term Acute Care
Long-term mortality of ICU survivors was calculated from only those who survived to hospital discharge, and excluded patients who died in-hospital. Studies that did not calculate long-term mortality for ICU survivors instead calculated cumulative mortality that is defined as the cumulative percentage of patients dying after admission to ICU.