Table 1.
Recent long-term mortality studies of older general medical and surgical ICU patients
| Study Type & Author (Reference #) | Publication Year | Study Period | n | Restrictions | Ages (Years) | In-Hospital or 28-day Mortality | Only ICU-Survivorsa | Long-Term Mortality | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6-months | 1-year | 2-years | 3-years | ||||||||
| Population Studies | |||||||||||
| Nielsson (13) | 2013 | 2005–2011 | 6,266 | ≥80 | - | Yes | - | - | - | - | |
| 2,332 | Medical | ≥80 | 44% | Yes | - | 25% | - | - | |||
| 2,581 | Acute Surgery | ≥80 | 40% | Yes | - | 27% | - | - | |||
| 1,353 | Elective Surgery | ≥80 | 12% | Yes | - | 12% | - | - | |||
| Wunsch (5) | 2010 | 2003 | 35,308 | ≥65 | - | Yes | 14% | 22% | 31% | 40% | |
| 2141 | MV | ≥65 | - | Yes | 30% | 39% | 49% | 58% | |||
| 33167 | No MV | ≥65 | - | 13% | 20% | 30% | 38% | ||||
| Kahn (16) | 2010 | 1997–2006 | 18,660 | Discharge to LTAC | ≥65 | - | Yes | 42% | 51% | - | - |
| Cohort Studies | |||||||||||
| Fuchs (12) | 2013 | 2001–2008 | 7,265 | ≥65 | 26% | Yes | - | 25% | - | - | |
| Baldwin (19) | 2013 | 2005–2009 | 2,536 | Medical-ICU only | ≥65 | - | Yes | 28% | - | - | - |
| Roch (22) | 2011 | 2001–2006 | 299 | ≥80 | 55% | Yes | - | 37% | 53% | - | |
| Sacanella (23) | 2011 | Not Stated | 230 | No Prior Functional or Cognitive Impairment | ≥65 | 30% | Yes | - | 21% | - | - |
|
| |||||||||||
| Range | 12–55% | Yes | 13–42% | 12–51% | 30–53% | 38–58 | |||||
ICU: Intensive Care Unit; MV: Mechanical Ventilation; LTAC: Long-Term Acute Care
a
Long-term mortality of ICU survivors was calculated from only those who survived to hospital discharge, and excluded patients who died in-hospital. Studies that did not calculate long-term mortality for ICU survivors instead calculated cumulative mortality that is defined as the cumulative percentage of patients dying after admission to ICU.