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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Child Dev. 2014 Sep 26;86(2):342–361. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12295

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Behavioral Genetic Correlated Factors Model of Pre-reading Variables with Reading Comprehension (Woodcock Passage Comprehension). Numbers on double-headed arrows are phenotypically standardized covariances, such that the phenotypic correlation (double-headed arrow connecting P components) is the sum of the additive genetic covariance (A), shared environmental covariance (C), and non-shared environmental covariance (E). Solid lines and bold numbers depict significant correlations/covariances. While all phenotypically standardized covariances were estimated, only the ACE decompositions of significant phenotypic correlation s are shown.