(A) The qPCR quantification of the ratio of full length SMN vs. total SMN in wildtype (WT) and SMA disease MNs, GABA neurons. The bar graph shows the mean±s.e.m. (*p<0.05, t-test, n= 3 in each group). (B) The qPCR quantification of NEFL mRNA level in ALS (D90A) and corrected (D90D) MNs, GABA neurons. The bar graph shows the mean±s.e.m. (*p<0.05, t-test, n= 3 in each group). (C) Representative image of ALS (D90A) MNs when culturing on ALS (D90A) astrocytes and corrected (D90D) astrocytes, which showed neurite fragmentation and reduced neurite length. Scale bars: 50μm. (D) Schematics of SYP-Nluc reporter. (E) Quantification of Nluc activity (left panel) and ratio (right panel) of SYP-Nluc reporter MNs on ALS (D90A) and corrected (D90D) astrocytes, when comparing between the control, Riluzole (Rilu), Kenpaullone (Ken) and EphA inhibitor (EphAi) groups. The bar graph shows the mean±s.e.m. (** P<0.01, Tukey’s test, n= 8 in each group).