Table 1.
Patient characteristics and self-reported outcomes.
| Pre-ChT+ (n = 32) |
Pre-ChT− (n = 33) |
NC (n = 38) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 50.2 (9.2) | 52.4 (7.3) | 50.1 (8.7) | .442 |
| Estimated IQ (NART) | 100.6 (14.1) | 102.8 (14.7) | 107.0 (11.1) | .120 |
| Education level (n(%))b | ||||
| Middle | 4 (13) | 5 (15) | 1 (3) | |
| High | 28 (88) | 28 (85) | 37 (97) | |
| Time since surgery (days) | 36.1 (20.0) | 31.5 (15.7) | NA | .308 |
| Breast cancer stage (n(%)) | ||||
| 0 | 13 (39) | |||
| 1 | 20 (63) | 18 (55) | ||
| 2 | 11 (34) | 2 (6) | ||
| 3 | 1 (3) | |||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Pre-menopausal | 19 (59%) | 16 (49%) | 20 (53%) | |
| Post-menopausal | 13 (41%) | 17 (51%) | 18 (47%) | .674 |
| Anti-diabetic medication | 0 (0%) | 2 (6%) | 2 (5%) | |
| Cardiovascular medication | 6 (19%) | 8 (24%) | 9 (24%) | |
| Psychotropic medication | 5 (15%) | 4 (12%) | 2 (5%) | |
| EORTC QLQ-C30 | ||||
| Physical functioningb | 91.7 (11.4)* | 88.1 (11.7)* | 97.0 (7.1) | .001 |
| Role functioningb | 66.1 (35.3)* | 67.2 (29.0)* | 95.2 (19.3) | <.001 |
| Social functioningb | 80.2 (23.0)* | 79.3 (24.3)* | 97.8 (9.6) | <.001 |
| Cognitive functioningb | 81.8 (24.1) | 80.3 (24.8) | 90.4 (14.8) | .104 |
| Global quality of lifec | 75.8 (17.6)* | 73.0 (15.6)* | 87.1 (12.7) | <.001 |
| Paind | 25.5 (27.4)* | 27.8 (27.5)* | 7.0 (13.2) | <.001 |
| Fatigued | 24.7 (23.4) | 34.3 (25.7)* | 15.2 (19.4) | .003 |
| HSCL-25 | 13.5 (13.7) | 11.6 (10.5) | 7.7 (9.4) | .09 |
| PSS | 24.3 (6.6)* | 21.0 (7.5) | 19.2 (5.4) | .006 |
| POMS | ||||
| Fatigue subscalee | 2.5 (3.9) | 3.0 (4.8) | 1.3 (1.5) | .135 |
| Vigor subscalef | 12.0 (4.0)* | 12.3 (3.4)* | 14.6 (2.3) | .001 |
| Total scorese | 17.4 (15.7) | 15.4 (11.8) | 9.6 (5.2) | .014 |
| MOS-cog | 81.4 (16.4) | 74.0 (15.4) | 83.4 (11.9) | .022 |
Values indicate mean ± SD unless indicated otherwise. Pre-ChT+, patients with BC before chemotherapy; pre-ChT−, patients with BC not scheduled to undergo chemotherapy; NCs, no-cancer controls; NART, Dutch version of the National Adult Reading Test: alow = primary school, middle = secondary school, high = university and graduate school; EORTC QLQ-C30, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer health-related Quality-of-life Questionnaire: scores range from 0 to 100, higher score indicates bbetter functioning, cbetter quality of life, or dmore symptoms; HSCL-25, Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25: scores range from 0 to 100, higher score indicates higher levels of anxiety and depression; PSS, Perceived Stress Scale: scores range from 10 to 50, higher scores indicate higher levels of perceived stress; POMS, Profile of Mood States, ehigher scores indicate more problems, flower scores indicate more problems. MOS-cog, Cognitive Functioning Scale of the Medical Outcomes Study, lower scores indicate more problems.
Indicates a significant difference with NC at p < .01