Table 4.
Physiological responses to maximal treadmill exercise: V̇O2max RER, VE/VO2, and heart rate
| CR (n = 15) | EX (n = 14) | Between Group P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absolute V̇O2max | |||
| Baseline, ml/min | 2075±139 | 1965±158 | |
| Final, ml/min | 1949±148 | 2250±175 | |
| Change, ml/min | −133±46* | 293±47* | <0.0001 |
| Change, % | −6.8±2.3* | 15.5±2.4* | <0.0001 |
| V̇O2max relative to body weight | |||
| Baseline, ml·kg−1·min−1 | 26.3±1.2 | 25.5±1.4 | |
| Final, ml·kg−1·min−1 | 27.4±1.3 | 32.3±1.9 | |
| Change, ml·kg−1·min−1 | 0.9±0.7 | 7.0±0.7* | <0.0001 |
| Change, % | 3.9±2.9 | 28.3±3.0* | <0.0001 |
| V̇O2max relative to lean mass | |||
| Baseline, ml·kg lean−1·min−1 | 43.5±1.2 | 40.5±1.2 | |
| Final, ml·kg lean−1·min−1 | 42.0±1.3 | 47.7±1.5 | |
| Change, ml·kg lean−1·min−1 | −1.5±0.9 | 7.2±0.9* | <0.0001 |
| Change, % | −3.3±2.1 | 17.8±2.2* | <0.0001 |
| RER at maximal exercise | |||
| Baseline | 1.19±0.01 | 1.16±0.02 | |
| Final | 1.32±0.03 | 1.19±0.02 | |
| Change | 0.14±0.02* | 0.03±0.02 | 0.001 |
| Change, % | 11.7±1.8* | 2.49±1.8 | 0.002 |
| VE/V̇O2 at maximal exercise | |||
| Baseline | 30.1±1.1 | 29.9±1.1 | |
| Final | 33.0±1.5 | 30.0±0.9 | |
| Change | 2.9±0.95* | 0.17±0.99 | 0.06 |
| Change, % | 9.37±3.3* | 2.09±3.4 | 0.13 |
| HRmax | |||
| Baseline, beats/min | 170±2 | 173±3 | |
| Final, beats/min | 170±2 | 173±2 | |
| Change, beats/min | 0.34±1.5 | 0.92±1.5 | 0.79 |
| Change, % | 0.24±0.9 | 0.64±0.9 | 0.76 |
Values are means ± SE except for change data, which are least squares means ± SE from the ANCOVA with baseline value and percent change in weight as covariates. V̇O2max, maximal oxygen uptake; HRmax, maximal heart rate; RER, respiratory exchange ratio; VE/V̇O2, ventilatory equivalent for oxygen uptake.
*
P ≤ 0.05 within group by ANCOVA with Tukey’s adjustment for multiple comparisons.