. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Mar 27.

Published in final edited form as: Muscle Nerve. 2013 Jul 26;49(3):422–430. doi: 10.1002/mus.23937

Table 1.

Summary of analyzed scales.

Scale	Abbreviation	Summary details of scale	Traditional reliability tests performed specific to use in SMA?
Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Test of Neuromuscular Disorders^23,24	CHOP-INTEND	Designed for use in young children with severe forms of NMD. 16 items observe spontaneous movements and elicited reactions. http://ebookbrowse.com/chop-intend-for-sma-type-i-manual-of-procedures-pdf-d87663908	Y
Egen Klassifikation Scale v.2²²	EK2	Mainly question-based scale of 17 items relating to an individual’s “own functioning” in the home.	Y
Gross Motor Function Measure^18,19	GMFM	Originally developed for use in cerebral palsy. Contains 88 items and 5 dimensions of lying and rolling, sitting, crawling and kneeling, standing and walking, running and jumping. http://motorgrowth.canchild.ca/en/gmfm/resources/gmfmscoresheet.pdf	Y
Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale^12,13	HFMS	Developed for use specifically in non-ambulant SMA. 20 items including lying, rolling, sitting, and into standing and stepping.	Y
Expanded Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale¹⁴	HFMSE	An expanded version of the HFMS with additional items particularly aimed at ambulant individuals (additional 13 items)	Y
Motor Function Measure¹⁷	MFM	A 32 item scale with 3 dimensions, D1 (standing and transfers), D2 (axial and proximal motor function), and D3 (distal motor function). It was designed to be suitable for all neuromuscular conditions, not just SMA. http://www.mfm-nmd.org/home.aspx	N
Modified Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Extend^15,16	MHFMS-Extend	Modified version of the HFMS, with defined scoring, a change in the testing order, and an extended module (8 additional items) which allows assessment of individuals with SMA who are non-ambulant as well as ambulant. http://smaoutcomes.org/hammersmith_manual/manual_1.html	Y
North Star Ambulatory Assessment for SMA^20,21	NSAA for SMA	The original 17 item scale was designed for use in ambulant DMD and adapted for use in SMA. It includes items such as stepping on and off a box, jumping and hopping.	N
Test of Infant Motor Performance Screening Items²⁵	TIMPSI	Designed originally for assessing infants at risk from developmental delay. This 29 item scale has been used subsequently for assessment of severely affected SMA individuals.	N (Y)