Figure 9.

Blockade of neuronal Na⁺ channels by 100 nm TTX reversibly attenuates diastolic intracellular Ca²⁺ elevation in ventricular cardiomyocytes of dogs with chronic heart failure

Intracellular Ca²⁺ dynamics recorded during 1.5 Hz pulse train in control (A), in the presence of 100 nm TTX (B) and after the toxin washout (C). Dotted lines in A, B and C refer to average diastolic Ca²⁺ levels before and during pulse train. D, data summary for diastolic Ca²⁺ (CaD) changes (ΔCaD) in response to the pulse train. Data are mean ± SEM, cell numbers are given above the bars. *P < 0.05, ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's post hoc test.