. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Mar 27.

Published in final edited form as: Clin Chem. 2014 Sep 18;60(11):1402–1408. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2014.227116

Table 2.

Association of carotid measures with GDF-15, sST2, and hsTnI

Outcome	Biomarker	Age- and sex-adjusted model		Multivariable-adjusted model^a, ^b
Maximum ICA IMT^d		β estimate (SE)^b	P^c	β estimate (SE)^b	P^c
	GDF-15	0.070 (0.009)	<0.0001	0.04 (0.010)	<0.0001
	sST2	0.025 (0.008)	0.003	0.013 (0.008)	0.10
	hsTnI	0.024 (0.008)	0.004	0.02 (0.008)	0.01

Plaque Presence		OR (95% CI)^b	P^c	OR (95% CI)^b	P^c
	GDF-15	1.48 (1.34–1.63)	<0.0001	1.33 (1.20–1.48)	<0.0001
	sST2	1.15 (1.05–1.25)	0.002	1.10 (1.00–1.20)	0.05
	hsTnI	1.11 (1.02–1.21)	0.02	1.09 (1.00–1.19)	0.04

Mean CCA IMT^d		β estimate (SE)^b	P^c	β estimate (SE)^b	P^c
	GDF-15	0.014 (0.004)	0.0003	0.004 (0.004)	0.30
	sST2	0.009 (0.003)	0.01	0.003 (0.003)	0.31
	hsTnI	0.009 (0.003)	0.007	0.007 (0.003)	0.03

GDF-15, growth differentiation factor-15; sST2, soluble ST2; hsTnI, high-sensitivity troponin I; CCA, common carotid artery; ICA, internal carotid artery

Adjusted for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, hypertension treatment, total cholesterol, high-density cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, body mass index, and estimated glomerular filtration rate

β estimate and OR reflects per 1-SD increase in log-transformed biomarker

Corrected P-value threshold P = 0.0056

Mean CCA and maximum ICA IMT were log-transformed;