Table 4.
Summary of Results
| Cell Type | Viability | Cells with Protrusions (%) | Protrusion Length | Protrusion Orientation in EF | Cell Body Length | Cell body Orientation in EF |
Molecular Responses | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N2a | − | All | − | All | ↑ | All | To cathode | All | ↑ | 25–50V/m | ‖ | All | ↑ | GAP-43 | 25–50V/m |
| DA explants | NT | NT | ↓ | 50V/m | To cathode | 50V/m | NT | NT | NT | ||||||
| BV2 -LPS |
− | All | ↑ | 25–50V/m | ↑ | 25–50V/m | ‖ | 100V/m | − | All | ‖ | 50–100V/m | ↑ | COX-2 | 100V/m |
| − | iNOS | All | |||||||||||||
| − | Cytokines | All | |||||||||||||
| BV2 +LPS |
↓ | 50–100V/m | ↓ | All | ↓ | All | − | All | ↓ | All | − | All | − | COX-2 | All |
| − | iNOS | All | |||||||||||||
| − | Cytokines | All | |||||||||||||
| C8-D1A | − | All | − | All | ↑ | All | ⊥ | 100V/m | ↑ | All | ⊥ | All | − | GDNF | All |
Abbreviations: ↓, reduced; ↑, increased; −, no response; All, all conditions; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; DA, dopamine; EF, electric field; GAP-43, growth-associated protein-43; GDNF, glial derived neurotrophic factor; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; NT, not tested; ⊥, perpendicular; ‖, parallel; V/m, Volt/meter.