Table 7. Incremental validity testing of the ER11 through hierarchical multiple linear regressions.
| Predictors | F shared | R2 shared | R2 individual | R2 change | F change | t-value | β | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample 1 (N = 144, df = 1,143) | ||||||||
| 1. Trait Anxiety | ER11 | 69.57*** | 49.7% (49.0%) | 25.2% | 1.4% | 3.97* | -1.99* | -.146 |
| R-CD-RISC | 48.3% | 24.5% | 68.65*** | -8.29*** | -.609 | |||
| 2. State Anxiety | ER11 | 23.15*** | 24.7% (23.7%) | 7.5% | 0.0% | .08 | .27 | .025 |
| R-CD-RISC | 24.7% | 17.2% | 32.30*** | -5.68*** | -.511 | |||
| 3. Subjective Well-being | ER11 | 31.42*** | .30.8% (29.8%) | 9.7% | 0.0% | .05 | -.22 | -.019 |
| R-CD-RISC | 30.8% | 21.1% | 43.11*** | 6.57*** | .566 | |||
| Sample 2 (N = 321, df = 1,320) | ||||||||
| PANAS | ||||||||
| 4. Positive Affect (moment) | ER11 | 51.84*** | 24.6% (24.1%) | 18.9% | 3.1% | 12.89*** | 3.59*** | .230 |
| R-CD-RISC | 21.5% | 5.7% | 23.93*** | 4.89*** | .314 | |||
| 5. Positive Affect (week) | ER11 | 78.67*** | 33.1% (32.7%) | 20.7% | 1.3% | 6.32* | 2.51* | .152 |
| R-CD-RISC | 31.8% | 12.4% | 59.09*** | 7.69*** | .465 | |||
| 6. Negative Affect (moment) | ER11 | 24.95*** | 13.6% (13.0%) | 1.9% | 1.4% | 4.97% | 2.23* | .153 |
| R-CD-RISC | 12.2% | 11.6% | 42.74*** | -6.54*** | -.449 | |||
| 7. Negative Affect (week) | ER11 | 40.60*** | 20.3% (19.8%) | 5.4% | 0.6% | 2.31 | 1.52 | .100 |
| R-CD-RISC | 19.8% | 15.0% | 59.75*** | -7.73*** | -.510 | |||
| BFI | ||||||||
| 8. Extraversion | ER11 | 96.34*** | 37.7% (37.3%) | 33.9% | 9.9% | 50.44*** | 7.10*** | .414 |
| R-CD-RISC | 27.9% | 3.8% | 19.56*** | 4.42*** | .258 | |||
| 9. Agreeableness | ER11 | 22.15*** | 12.2% (11.7%) | 10.1% | 2.2% | 7.88** | 2.81** | .194 |
| R-CD-RISC | 10.1% | 2.1% | 7.57** | 2.75** | .190 | |||
| 10. Conscientiousness | ER11 | 32.15*** | 16.8% (16.3%) | 9.3% | 0.3% | 1.03 | 1.01 | .068 |
| R-CD-RISC | 16.6% | 7.6% | 28.90*** | 5.38*** | .362 | |||
| 11. Emotional Stability | ER11 | 114.38*** | 41.8% (41.5%) | 21.3% | 0.3% | 1.62 | 1.27 | .072 |
| R-CD-RISC | 41.5% | 20.6% | 112.47*** | 10.61*** | .598 | |||
| 12. Openness | ER11 | 77.58*** | 32.8% (32.4%) | 32.6% | 21.4% | 101.14*** | 10.06*** | .609 |
| R-CD-RISC | 11.4% | 0.2% | .95 | -.973 | -.059 | |||
| 13. Stability | ER11 | 103.10*** | 39.3% (39.0%) | 23.7% | 1.2% | 6.52** | 2.55** | .147 |
| R-CD-RISC | 38.1% | 15.7% | 82.08*** | 9.06*** | .521 | |||
| 14. Plasticity | ER11 | 164.08*** | 50.8% (50.5%) | 49.8% | 22.3% | 144.09*** | 12.00*** | .622 |
| R-CD-RISC | 28.5% | 0.9% | 6.13* | 2.48* | .128 | |||
| 15. General Self-Efficacy | ER11 | 181.64*** | 53.3% (53.0%) | 27.0% | 0.4% | 2.51 | 1.58 | .080 |
| R-CD-RISC | 53.0% | 26.3% | 179.05*** | 13.38*** | .676 | |||
| 16. BICB | ER11 | 22.55*** | 12.4% (11.9%) | 12.2% | 5.3% | 19.40*** | 4.40*** | .305 |
| R-CD-RISC | 7.1% | 0.3% | .956 | .978 | .068 | |||
df = Degrees of freedom, F shared = F-value of the multiple regression model with significance levels, R2 shared = Explained variance of the model with both predictors are included, Adjusted R-squared in parenthesis, R2 individual = Explained variance of model if the predictor is included in Step One, R2 change = Change of explained variance of the model if the predictor is included in Step Two, F change = F-value change if the predictor is included in step two with significance levels, t-value = t-value statistic of the predictor if both predictors are included with significance levels, β = Standardized beta coefficient of the predictor, ER11 = our version of the ER scale, R-CD-RISC = Refined Connor-Davidson Resiliency Scale, PANAS = Positive and Negative Affect Scales, BFI = Big Five Inventory, BICD = Biographical Inventory of Creative Behaviors
***p < .001
**p < .01
*p < .05