Table 1. Pharmacologic Properties of Ginger Confirmed by Modern Research ^a.

Body systems	ITM	Modern Research
Nervous system	useful to cold disease of brain such as epilepsy, lethargy, paralysis, infarct etc.	improvement of stroke implications and neurological diseases
	reinforcement of memorizing power as well as amnesia perish	removal of dementia
Immune system	joint pain relief	relieving rheumatoid arthritis and inflammation
Respiratory system	diluting, desiccating and emollient of phlegmatic and compact humor sticking to throat	Antitussive, preventing a cold, sore throat, laryngitis, congestion, inflammation of mucosal layer, on the whole prevention of respiratory disease and decreasing of asthmatic symptoms
Digesting system	prevention of nausea and vomiting	Reliving nausea and vomiting caused by pregnancy and chemotherapy as well as motion sickness
	acceleration and reinforcement of digestion	treating abdominal cramps, intestinal spasms and dyspepsia
	fracture of flatulence and gases of stomach and intestines	treating flatulence
	Prevention of constipation	Treatment of constipation
	vermifuge	anthelmintic
Genital system	increasing sexual energy, semen volume and ejections	increasing sperm percent, viability, motility and serum total testosterones

^a Abbreviation: ITM, Irainian traditional medicine.