Table 1.
Death and dialysis outcomes and baseline population characteristics
| Total population | (N = 70,598; 100%) | Early stage 3 CKD | (N = 43,228; 61.2%) | Late stage 3 CKD | (N = 20,387; 28.9%) | Stage 4 CKD | (N = 6,983; 9.9%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |
| OUTCOMES | ||||||||
| Dialysis | 7,193 | 10.3 | 1,749 | 4 | 2,493 | 12.4 | 2,951 | 42.8 |
| Dialysis-free death | 19,939 | 28.3 | 10,844 | 25.1 | 6,957 | 34.4 | 2,138 | 30.5 |
| CHARACTERISTICS | ||||||||
| Age (in years) | ||||||||
| <45 | 460 | 0.6 | 256 | 0.6 | 131 | 0.7 | 73 | 1 |
| 45-54 | 4502 | 6.4 | 2663 | 6.1 | 1218 | 6 | 621 | 8.9 |
| 55-64 | 11495 | 16.3 | 7275 | 16.9 | 3005 | 14.7 | 1215 | 17.3 |
| 65-74 | 29068 | 41.3 | 19374 | 45 | 7123 | 34.9 | 2571 | 37.5 |
| 75-84 | 23993 | 33.9 | 13108 | 30.2 | 8504 | 41.8 | 2381 | 33.6 |
| 85 and above | 1080 | 1.5 | 552 | 1.3 | 406 | 2 | 122 | 1.8 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Men | 68818 | 97.5 | 42120 | 97.5 | 19889 | 97.6 | 6809 | 97.6 |
| Women | 1780 | 2.5 | 1108 | 2.5 | 498 | 2.4 | 174 | 2.4 |
| Race | ||||||||
| White | 57713 | 81.9 | 35886 | 83.2 | 16625 | 81.6 | 5202 | 74.6 |
| African American | 10017 | 14.2 | 5687 | 13.2 | 2906 | 14.3 | 1424 | 20.5 |
| Hispanic | 1682 | 2.3 | 986 | 2.2 | 494 | 2.4 | 202 | 2.7 |
| Others | 1186 | 1.6 | 669 | 1.4 | 362 | 1.7 | 155 | 2.2 |
| VHA priority status | ||||||||
| Severely disabled | 17013 | 24.1 | 9835 | 22.8 | 5116 | 24.9 | 2062 | 29.8 |
| Moderately disabled | 11469 | 16.2 | 7100 | 16.4 | 3348 | 16.3 | 1021 | 14.7 |
| Poverty | 33320 | 47.2 | 20749 | 48 | 9420 | 46.3 | 3151 | 44.7 |
| Co-pay | 7916 | 11.3 | 5009 | 11.6 | 2237 | 11.2 | 670 | 9.9 |
| Missing | 880 | 1.2 | 535 | 1.2 | 266 | 1.3 | 79 | 0.01 |
| Prior hospitalizations | ||||||||
| Yes | 25820 | 36.6 | 14246 | 32.9 | 8276 | 40.5 | 3298 | 47.7 |
| No | 44778 | 63.4 | 28982 | 67.1 | 12111 | 59.5 | 3685 | 52.3 |
| Cardiovascular conditions | ||||||||
| Yes | 49019 | 69.5 | 28666 | 66.2 | 15021 | 0.74 | 5332 | 76.9 |
| No | 21579 | 30.5 | 14562 | 33.8 | 5366 | 0.26 | 1651 | 23.1 |
| Other physical conditions | ||||||||
| Yes | 69391 | 98.3 | 42372 | 98 | 20104 | 98.6 | 6915 | 99.2 |
| No | 1207 | 1.7 | 856 | 2 | 283 | 1.4 | 68 | 0.8 |
| Mental comorbidities | ||||||||
| Yes | 13533 | 19 | 8467 | 19.5 | 3811 | 18.5 | 1255 | 17.8 |
| No | 57065 | 81 | 34761 | 80.5 | 16576 | 81.5 | 5728 | 82.2 |
| Qualifying eGFR, mean ± sd (in ml/min/1.73 m2) | 46 ± 11 | 53 ± 4 | 39 ± 4 | 24 ± 4 | ||||
| Age (in years) | 70 ± 9 | 70 ± 9 | 71 ± 9 | 69 ± 10 | ||||
Notes: Because of rounding, percentages may not be equal to 100.
CKD: Chronic Kidney Disease; VHA: Veterans Health Administration; eGFR: estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate; qualifying eGFR is the subsequent eGFR 90 to 365 days apart from the index eGFR; sd: standard deviation.