Table 2.
Demographic characteristics and prevalent hyperthyroidism according to dietary pattern (n 65 981), Adventist Health Study-2
| Vegan (n 5389; 8·2 %) | Lacto-ovo vegetarian (n 18 390; 27·9 %) | Semi-vegetarian (n 3681; 5·6 %) | Pesco vegetarian (n 6420; 9·7 %) | Omnivore (n 32 101; 48·7 %) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean or % | sd | Mean or % | sd | Mean or % | sd | Mean or % | sd | Mean or % | sd | P value* | |
| Age (years) | 58·5 | 13·8 | 58·0 | 14·0 | 57·9 | 14·1 | 57·4 | 13·8 | 55·4 | 13·2 | <0·0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24·0 | 4·6 | 25·9 | 5·1 | 27·3 | 5·6 | 26·3 | 5·1 | 28·8 | 6·3 | <0·0001 |
| Gender (% female) | 60·5 | – | 62·2 | – | 65·8 | – | 66·0 | – | 63·5 | – | <0·0001 |
| Race (% non-Black) | 81·2 | – | 88·3 | – | 84·6 | – | 64·0 | – | 69·0 | – | <0·0001 |
| Income (%) | <0·0001 | ||||||||||
| ≤$US 10 000 | 27·1 | – | 20·1 | – | 21·0 | – | 17·9 | – | 18·9 | – | |
| $US 11 000–20 000 | 22·7 | – | 19·1 | – | 20·6 | – | 18·3 | – | 20·0 | – | |
| $US 21 000–30 000 | 15·8 | – | 15·9 | – | 16·6 | – | 16·2 | – | 17·5 | – | |
| >$US 30 000 | 34·4 | – | 44·8 | – | 41·8 | – | 47·7 | – | 43·7 | – | |
| Education (%) | <0·0001 | ||||||||||
| ≤High school | 16·7 | – | 13·3 | – | 20·6 | – | 17·7 | – | 22·1 | – | |
| Some college | 38·7 | – | 34·4 | – | 39·3 | – | 38·2 | – | 43·1 | – | |
| ≥College | 44·6 | – | 52·3 | – | 40·1 | – | 44·2 | – | 34·8 | – | |
| Salt use (%) | <0·0001 | ||||||||||
| ≤1 time/week | 32·8 | – | 31·3 | – | 37·4 | – | 40·5 | – | 35·8 | – | |
| 2–6 times/week | 42·9 | – | 45·1 | – | 43·3 | – | 40·9 | – | 42·5 | – | |
| ≥1 time/d | 24·3 | – | 23·6 | – | 19·4 | – | 18·7 | – | 21·7 | – | |
| CVD (%) | 6·5 | – | 6·6 | – | 8·5 | – | 7·1 | – | 8·3 | – | <0·0001 |
| Prevalent hyperthyroidism (%) | 0·5 | – | 0·7 | – | 0·8 | – | 0·8 | – | 1·1 | – | <0·0001 |
*
Compared by ANOVA (continuous variables) or the χ 2 test (categorical variables).