Table 3.
Characteristics of TB cases detected through active and passive case-finding stratified by treatment outcomes
| ACF cohorta | PCF cohortb | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | Variables | TSc (%) | AOd (%) | p | TS (%) | AO (%) | p |
| Gender | Male | 54 (52.9) | 10 (51.9) | 0.639 | 124 (50.0) | 22 (53.7) | 0.737 |
| Female | 48 (47.1) | 12 (48.1) | 124 (50.0) | 19 (46.3) | |||
| Age (years) | Median age | 36 (28–45e) | 30 (28–36e) | 0.225 | 33 (28–40e) | 30 (27–40e) | 0.659 |
| Residencef | Urban | 79 (79.0) | 15 (71.4) | 0.564 | 223 (89.9) | 35 (87.5) | 0.584 |
| Rural | 21 (21.0) | 6 (28.6) | 25 (10.1) | 5 (12.5) | |||
| CD4 count (cells/mm3) | Median CD4 count | 170 (98–278e) | 102 (77–260e) | 0.379 | 178 (105–344e) | 173 (70–320e) | 0.598 |
| CD4 cell strata (cells/mm3) | >200 | 38 (37.3) | 9 (40.9) | 0.023 | 113 (46.4) | 17 (41.5) | 0.227 |
| 101–200 | 37 (36.3) | 2 (9.1) | 73 (29.4) | 9 (22.0) | |||
| ≤100 | 27 (26.5) | 11 (50.0) | 60 (24.2) | 15 (36.6) | |||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | Median hemoglobin | 10.5 (9.3–12.0e) | 9.7 (8.4–11.0e) | 0.147 | 10.7 (9.3–12.0e) | 11.2 (9.7–12.2e) | 0.444 |
| Type of TB | Pulmonary | 99 (97.1) | 21 (95.5) | 0.547 | 179 (72.2) | 33 (80.5) | 0.341 |
| Extrapulmonary | 3 (2.9) | 1 (4.5) | 69 (27.8) | 8 (19.5) | |||
| Smear status | Positive | 18 (18.2) | 7 (33.3) | 0.142 | 79 (44.1) | 15 (45.5) | 1.0 |
| Negative | 81 (81.8) | 14 (66.7) | 100 (55.9) | 118 (54.5) | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | Median BMI | 17.8 (16.5–19.8e) | 16.3 (14.8–19.0e) | 0.036 | 17.6 (16.2–19.6e) | 16.9 (15.3–18.1e) | 0.015 |
| MUAC (cms) | Median MUAC | 21.5 (19.0–23.0e) | 20.0 (18.5–22.0e) | 0.042 | 21.0 (19.0–23.0e) | 19.0 (18.0–21.0e) | 0.001 |
| WHO symptom screen | Positive | 92 (91.1) | 21 (95.5) | 0.689 | 233 (94.7) | 41 (100) | 0.226 |
| Negative | 9 (8.9) | 1 (4.5) | 13 (5.3) | 0 (0) | |||
a
ACF: active case-finding; TB case detected through intensified screening regardless of symptoms.
b
PCF: passive case-finding; TB case detected after a symptomatic patient came to a health facility
c
TS: treatment success which includes TB patients who were cured or completed treatment.
d
AO: adverse TB treatment outcome which includes loss to follow-up or death.
e
Interquartile range.
f
Residence: missing in 11 study participants in the ACF cohort.