Table 3.
Indirect and direct effect, through potential mediator, of smoking categories on atopic sensitization 1.
| Atopic Sensitization to Different Types of Allergens |
Indirect Effect of Smoking on Atopic Sensitization to Different Types of Allergens (ab paths) |
Direct Effect of Smoking on Atopic Sensitization to Different Types of Allergens (c’ paths) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Path | Point Estimate (SE) |
BC 95% CI | Path | Point Estimate (SE) |
BC 95% CI | |
| Only allergic to aeroallergens | ||||||
| Non-smokers | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Light smokers (X1) | a1b | −0.026 (0.015) |
−0.062 to −0.004 | c’1 | −0.452 (0.239) |
−0.921 to 0.018 |
| Moderate smokers (X2) | a2b | −0.010 (0.013) |
−0.043 to 0.008 | c’2 | −0.525 (0.217) |
−0.950 to −0.101 |
| Heavy smokers (X3) | a3b | −0.011 (0.017) |
−0.059 to 0.014 | c’3 | −0.021 (0.384) |
−0.773 to 0.731 |
| Former smokers (X4) | a4b | −0.005 (0.011) |
−0.034 to 0.013 | c’4 | −0.361 (0.286) |
−0.921 to 0.200 |
| Allergic to both food and aeroallergens | ||||||
| Non-smokers | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Light smokers (X1) | a1b | −0.012 (0.029) |
−0.071 to 0.043 | c’1 | −0.716 (0.480) | −1.657 to 0.227 |
| Moderate smokers (X2) | a2b | −0.004 (0.015) |
−0.051 to 0.015 | c’2 | −1.160 (0.482) | −2.105 to −0.215 |
| Heavy smokers (X3) | a3b | 0.0004 (0.017) |
−0.031 to 0.040 | c’3 | −0.524 (0.753) | −1.999 to 0.951 |
| Former smokers (X4) | a4b | −0.003 (0.014) |
−0.048 to 0.014 | c’4 | −0.092 (0.434) | −0.942 to 0.758 |
1 Mediation analysis adjusted for covariates, including sex, age, educational level, family allergic disease history and alcohol consumption. Abbreviations: SE, Standard Error; BMI: Body Mass Index. BC 95% CI, Bias-Corrected 95% Confidence Interval.