Table II.
Outline of sepsis treatment.
Method | Function | Treatment in animal models | Clinical trial in patients with sepsis |
---|---|---|---|
Corticosteroids | Suppress cytokine production | Reduced mortality | |
Hemodiafiltration | Removes cytokines | Restored blood pressure and respiratory function | |
Androstenediol | Reduces cytokine production | Increases survival | Unknown |
Benzylsulfone derivatives | Suppress cytokine production | Increases survival | Unknown |
Soluble TNF-α receptor | Blocks TNF-α activity | Reduces mortality | No beneficial effects |
TNF-α neutralizing antibody | Blocks TNF-α activity | Reduces morbidity and mortality | No beneficial effects |
IL-17A neutralizing antibody | Blocks IL-17 activity | Improves survival | Unclear |
IL-18 neutralizing antibody | Blocks IL-18 activity | Reduces lung injury | Unknown |
IL-10 neutralizing antibody | Blocks IL-10 activity | Improves survival | Unknown |
GM-CSF | Relieves immunosuppression | Improved clinical parameters, but not survival |
IL: Interleukin; GM-CSF: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; TNF: tumor necrosis factor.