Table 3.
Health Facility Factors Associated with PMTCT Failure
| Facility factors | Control n (%) (n=133) | Case n (%) (n=52) | OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV Education at ANC | |||
| Yes | 117 (91.4) | 34 (73.9) | Ref |
| No | 11 (8.6) | 12 (26.1) | 3.57 (1.36–9.33) |
| HIV counseling at ANC | |||
| Yes | 125 (96.2) | 39 (83) | Ref |
| No | 5 (3.9) | 8 (17) | 3.95 (1.28–12.21) |
| Asked to bring partner | |||
| Yes | 124 (94.7) | 42 (84) | Ref |
| No | 7 (5.3) | 8 (16) | 3.87 (1.25–11.99) |
| Assistance with disclosure to partner | |||
| Yes | 123 (93.2) | 34 (68) | Ref |
| No | 9 (6.8) | 16 (32) | 5.63 (1.99–15.9) |
| Use of ARV in pregnancy | |||
| Yes | 122 (93.9) | 30 (63.8) | Ref |
| No | 8 (6.2) | 17 (36.2) | 8.62 (2.84–26.15) |
| Received ARV for baby | |||
| Yes | 126 (96.2) | 34 (70.8) | Ref |
| No | 5 (3.8) | 14 (29.2) | 9.72 (2.75–34.37) |
| When given drugs | |||
| 1stANC/on drugs | 87 (66.4) | 18 (40.0) | Ref |
| Subsequent/NA | 44 (33.6) | 27 (60.0) | 2.97 (1.39–6.37) |
| Satisfied with health worker explanation | |||
| Yes | 125 (98.4) | 31 (79.5) | Ref |
| No | 2 (1.6) | 8 (20.5) | N/A |
| Health community visit | |||
| Yes | 27 (20.9) | 4 (8.2) | Ref |
| No | 102 (79.1) | 45 (91.8) | 2.53 (0.81–7.94) |
| Means of transport | |||
| Walking | 9 (6.8) | 5 (9.8) | Ref |
| Bicycle | 18 (13.6) | 7 (13.7) | 0.64 (0.13–3.25) |
| Motorcycle | 85 (64.4) | 32 (62.8) | 0.63 (0.17–2.33) |
| Matatu/bus | 20 (15.2) | 7 (13.7) | 0.71 (0.14–3.77) |
| Payment at hospital | |||
| Yes | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | Ref |
| No | 19 (95) | 6 (100) | N/A |
| Distance from health facility median (IQR) | 88 (5–88) | 88 (6–88) | 1.01 (1–1.02) |
| Number of health facility visits median (IQR) | 1.5 (1–2.5) | 2.5 (1.5–3) | 0.71 (0.04–11.79) |
n may be different for some variables; N/A, no odds ratio computed due to all positive or all negative group outcomes.