Table 1. Mapping QTL for rapeseed oil content in partial NCII mating design.

QTL	Type	Position (marker)	Allelic frequency		Bulked segregation analysis		Association mapping			Similar results with other methods				Similar results in previous studies
			Locus 1	Locus 2	χ 2	P-value	LOD	Effect	r2(%)	EBLASSO	GEMMA	Regression-based	CV
1	a	CB10597C	0.54		17.46	0.0002	3.79	0.2619	1.19	√		√	√	Ra2E04~S13M08-1-70[56];e8m17-309~Ra3H09[51]
2	A	Bo3b	0.40		15.52	0.0004	3.13	−0.2680	1.10	√		√	√
3	a	xy2b	0.73		13.40	0.0012	11.39	0.5597	3.99	√		√	√
4	a	BnGMS488A	0.86		11.01	0.0041	9.27	0.5831	2.77	√	√	√	√
5	a	BRAS078A	0.05		8.82	0.0122	14.04	−1.2047	4.12	√	√	√	√	BRAS078A[50]; e8m17-309 ~ Ra3H09 [51];AgCan20a ~ Bras026 [52]
6	a	Ol10-C01	0.84		7.72	0.0211	7.60	−0.4916	2.22	√	√	√	√	HMR612a ~ HMR612b [53]; E7M5c ~ sN0240A [50]
7	a	Bo2d	0.64		6.68	0.0354	4.00	−0.2852	1.28				√
8	d	CB10597C	0.54		4.43	0.0352	3.10	−0.5672	1.07	√		√	√
9	aa	CN64c×SA63a	0.26	0.32	18.42	0.0001	6.28	−0.3402	1.77		√	√	√	HMR300c ~ MR133.2 [53]
10	aa	BRAS063a×Na10-C06A	0.29	0.62	12.68	0.0018	2.23	−0.2095	0.68		*	√	√	Bras063a [52]; EM16/EM17c~sN12353b [54]; GIFLP106 [57];Na10-C06[51]
11	aa	Bo3a×CB10288B	0.61	0.43	12.43	0.0020	7.25	0.3888	2.10			*	√	HMR403b~MR229 [53]
12	aa	BnGMS175A×Ra2-G08A	0.59	0.25	12.09	0.0024	4.88	−0.3124	1.42			√	√
13	ad	CB10431A×CB10234A	0.82	0.71	11.86	0.0027	3.48	0.6691	1.22					IGF9014c~pw179b [56]; CB10431[52];CB10234[52];CB10234~ZAAS763[50]
14	aa	20-1c×Ra3-E05D	0.34	0.17	11.49	0.0032	3.57	0.2579	1.01		*	*		ODD20/GB2-238~EM1/PM4-400 [55]
15	aa	BRAS014B×Na14-H11B	0.46	0.85	11.18	0.0037	4.14	0.2708	1.10			√	√	IGF9014c~pw179b [56]; PM88/PM34-484~SA7/PM56-466 [55];Bras115~W09.CD1 [52]; O|10F04~B0SF1574 [57]; Na14H11[57]; CN32a~E7M5f [50];
16	da	CB10139B×BnGMS3B	0.39	0.83	10.80	0.0045	4.20	0.7397	1.01				√	SF19775 [57]; PM88/PM34-378~CB10139-176 [55]
17	aa	CB10229A×Ra3-E05A	0.63	0.50	10.70	0.0048	6.79	−0.3869	2.15				√	snap1200~GIFzip47a [57]; SA89~Na12C01a [51]
18	aa	CB10036B×CB10343A	0.25	0.75	12.29	0.0021	3.73	0.2794	1.18			*		IGF5154c~pX141eE[56];AgCan9~Bras102b[52];EM2/ME14a~Ra2-A01 [54]; CZ1b705119~CZ1b684396 [52]
19	aa	CN75b×CB10373B	0.67	0.51	12.28	0.0022	5.46	0.3431	1.61				√	HMR438a~HMR310[53]
20	aa	CN1b×Ra2-E12B	0.67	0.64	10.83	0.0045	6.46	−0.3794	1.87			*	√	EM1/BG1-405~SA7/PM63-298 [55]
21	aa	CN64d×20-1b	0.58	0.46	10.65	0.0049	3.62	0.2597	1.00			*
22	aa	Ol12-D05B×BnGMS385B	0.60	0.82	10.55	0.0051	3.49	−0.3293	1.07			*		e18m6-189~CB10028 [51]; E32M48.255~CB10179 [52];niab013~SF25867[57]
23	aa	MR119d×Na12-A02B	0.46	0.56	10.16	0.0062	5.16	−0.3079	1.44	√	√	√	√	ME16/EM17c~sN12353b[54];Na12-A02[51]
24	da	E5a×Na14-H11A	0.46	0.74	9.19	0.0101	2.56	0.8083	0.76			*		Na14-H11[57];MR216a~MR144[52]
25	ad	xy2b×CB10343B	0.40	0.50	9.19	0.0101	7.35	1.7274	1.83				√
26	aa	MR097×Ol12-F02B	0.81	0.65	9.03	0.0110	5.66	0.3232	1.65			√		E46M64g~Bras089[52];B087P06-1~SA89[51];Ol12-F02A~Mr216b[52];niab028~FITO516c[51]
27	aa	CB10493C×BnGMS340B	0.15	0.46	8.78	0.0124	3.05	0.2502	0.96		√	*	√	sORG49a[50]
28	da	CN64d×Ol11-C02A	0.33	0.80	8.50	0.0143	3.05	−0.6749	0.98		*	*		IGF9014c~E2HM32-320[56]
29	aa	32_1a×Na10-C06B	0.82	0.54	11.58	0.0031	4.61	0.2997	1.37			*		ODD20/PM16-97~ME2/PM45-384 [55];e4m5-260~CB10632 [51]; ZAAS815b~ZAAS893 [50]
30	dd	Ra2E12×CB10065B	0.22	0.90	9.60	0.0019	3.00	1.1079	0.78					Ra2E12 [56]; FITO131 [51];E38M621~AgCan50 [52];CB10530a~EM9/ME37a [54];CB10065[52];BoGMS1025~SF17359[57]
31	aa	BnGMS352B×Ra3-E05C	0.87	0.47	9.18	0.0102	2.63	−0.2047	0.67		*			e18m6-189~e18m5-374[51];ODD20/GB2-238~EM1/PM4-400[55]
32	da	CB10045A×Ra3-E05B	0.22	0.15	9.01	0.0111	4.09	−0.8761	1.39					E2M3/g~EM11/Me23a [54]; E42M50.55~E41M50.206 [52];sORG49a[50]
33	dd	Bo2d×BnGMS175A	0.62	0.43	9.00	0.0027	2.13	−0.5142	0.52		*, *	*
34	aa	Bo3a×CB10065A	0.68	0.05	12.45	0.0020	2.65	0.2238	0.77		*	*		CB10065 [52]; BoGMS1025~BrSF50-42 [57];Na12G11~SN12508 [52]; R04.1840~R06.1360 [52]
35	aa	BRMS-036c×CB10364B	0.13	0.96	11.40	0.0033	3.35	−0.2488	0.95		√	*		BRMS036[50];CB10364**[54];H004I05-1~BnGMS312[51]
36	ad	CB10493C×BnGMS3B	0.94	0.61	9.60	0.0082	2.41	0.6348	0.96			*		IGF2021e~S10M03-1-360[56];e10m22-313~CB10028[51]
37	da	CN46b×CB10597C	0.29	0.46	8.00	0.0183	2.89	0.7535	0.81					Ra2E04~S13M08-1-70[56];e8m17-309~Ra3H09[51]
38	aa	BnGMS103B×CB10277B	0.48	0.62	8.84	0.0120	3.51	−0.2578	1.12			*, *		CB10277[54]
39	dd	Ra2-E12A×Ol11-C02A	0.85	0.14	8.47	0.0036	3.35	−0.9321	1.09					RA2E12[56];E38M621~Na12B05[52];IGF9014c~E2HM32-320[56]
40	aa	MD21a×Ol12-D05A	0.69	0.22	8.11	0.0173	3.62	−0.4304	0.96				√	BrBAC138~GIFLP106[57];E32M48.255~SN11670[52];BRAS031a~E2M3e[50]
41	aa	BRAS063a×CB10139B	0.73	0.67	11.89	0.0026	4.58	−0.2801	1.20		√	*	√
42	aa	CN64d×CN59a	0.08	0.22	8.66	0.0132	2.55	−0.2134	0.68
43	aa	xy2a×20-1c	0.25	0.86	12.32	0.0021	2.30	0.2178	0.71			*
44	aa	CN63b×Na12-A02C	0.27	0.68	8.47	0.0145	2.68	−0.2385	0.76			*		Na12-A02[51]
45	da	20-1b×CB10026C	0.65	0.80	12.22	0.0022	2.15	0.5195	0.74					CN32a~E7M5f[50];I20.760~D20.760[52];sN3761b~sR6293b[56]

a: additive; d: dominant; aa: additive-by-additive; ad: additive-by-dominant; da: dominant-by-additive; dd: dominant-by-dominant; r²: the proportion of total phenotypic variance explained by a single QTL.

EBLASSO: Fast empirical Bayesian LASSO [11];GEMMA: genome-wide efficient mixed-model association study [48]; Regression-based: Regression-based association study [49]; CV: cross validation;

√: same QTL was detected by other methods;

*: locus linked to the detected locus was identified by other methods.