TABLE 2.
Primary and Secondary Outcome Measures for the Working on Rapid Language Development Trial
| Outcome | Measure | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Primary | ||
| Receptive and expressive language | Preschool Language Scale, Fourth Edition12 | Expressive score: Expressive Communication subscale; Receptive score: Auditory Comprehension subscale; both yield a standard score of 100 (SD 15) |
| Caregiver use of strategies | Observational coding of a 20-min play-based caregiver-child interaction | Matched turns: percentage of adult utterances in response to a child’s utterance; Responsiveness: percentage of child utterances to which the adult responded; Targets: percentage of adult utterances that contained the child’s language target; Expansions: percentage of child utterances to which the adult imitates and adds a word; Time Delays: percentage of nonverbal prompting sequences that were used correctly; Prompting: percentage of verbal prompting sequences that were used correctly |
| Secondary | ||
| Caregiver stress | Parenting Stress Index, Fourth Edition15 | Total Stress score |
| Receptive vocabulary | Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Fourth Edition16 | Standard score with a normative mean of 100 (SD 15) |
| Expressive vocabulary | MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories: Words and Sentences14 | Total number of 680 words the caregiver reports that the child says |
| Number of Different Word Roots | Total number of different word roots the child says in a 20-min play interaction with a research assistant | |
| Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test, Third Edition13 | Standard score with a normative mean of 100 (SD 15) | |
| Presence of language delay | Preschool Language Scale, Fourth Edition12 | Total standard score <85 |