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. 2015 Mar 24;15:77. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0566-y

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© Shen et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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LLDT-8 inhibited secretion of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-21, but promoted the secretion of IL-10 in the supernatants of SFMCs from synovial fluid of RA patients. SFMCs were isolated from synovial fluid of RA patients and cultured in the presence of anti-human CD3 (0.4 μg/ml) and LLDT-8 (0, 12.5, 25 and 50 nM, respectively) for 48 hours in incubator. The cell supernatants were harvested and the levels of the proteins were detected by ELISA. (A) The levels of IL-1β in the supernatants of the four groups. (B) The levels of IL-6 in the supernatants of the four groups. (C) The levels of IL-21 in the supernatants of the four groups. (D) The level of IL-23 in the supernatants of the four groups. (E) The levels of IL-10 in the supernatants of the four groups. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, compared to the control group (0 nM).