Table 1.
Demographics and CTO PCI details
| Variable | Pre-proctored/
non-proctored group N=232 |
Post-proctored group N=355 |
Significance (p Value) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean±SD) | 65±11.55 | 65±11.36 | 1.00 |
| Female gender (%) | 51 (22%) | 63 (17.7%) | 0.24 |
| HTN (%) | 164 (70.7%) | 246 (69.3%) | 0.78 |
| DM (%) | 52 (22.4%) | 80 (22.5%) | 1.00 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia (%) | 81 (34.9%) | 107 (30.1%) | 0.24 |
| Previous CVA (%) | 15 (6.5%) | 19 (5.4%) | 0.47 |
| Previous CABG (%) | 22 (9.5%) | 58 (16.3%) | 0.019 |
| Renal impairment (creatinine ≥200 mmol/L) (%) | 4 (1.7%) | 9 (2.5%) | 0.58 |
| Smoker (%) | 76 (32.7%) | 118 (33.2%) | 0.92 |
| Stable angina (%) | 188 (81%) | 316 (89%) | 0.008 |
| Success overall (%) | 144/232 (62.1%) | 275/355 (77.5%) | <0.0001 |
| JCTO≥2* (%) | 115/229 (50.2%) | 205/354 (57.9%) | 0.07 |
| Success in JCTO≥2 (%) | 57/115 (49.6%) | 145/205 (70.7%) | 0.0003 |
| Previous CTO PCI failure (%) | 27 (11.6%) | 104 (29.3%) | <0.001 |
| Success in previous failure | 12/27 (44.4%) | 78/104 (75%) | 0.004 |
| Complications (%) | 15/232 (6.5%) | 30/354 (8.5%) | 0.42 |
| Dual access (%) | 67/232 (28.9%) | 242/355 (68.2%) | <0.0001 |
| Contrast load (mL)* | 254±105.8† | 299±118.4† | <0.0001 |
| Fluoroscopy dose (cGy/m2)* | 10 400.5±7589.32‡ | 16 386.1±19 750.8‡ | <0.0001 |
| Screening time (min)* | 39.06±18.45§ | 42.28±25.07§ | 0.096 |
*Missing values not replaced.
†Data for 228 patients in non-proctored/pre-proctored and 346 patients in proctored group.
‡Data for 228 non-proctored/pre-proctored and 342 post-proctored patients.
§Data for 229 pre-proctored/non-proctored and 343 post-proctored patients.
CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CTO, chronic total occlusion; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; DM, diabetes mellitus; HTN, hypertension; JCTO, Japanese CTO; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.