Table 1.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of stage 5 CKD patients at the start of the study.
| Intensity of AGEs staining > median (N = 27) |
Intensity of AGEs staining ≤ median (N = 27) |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 63.1 ± 14.9 | 59.2 ± 17.2 | 0.4 |
| Male gender, N (%) | 18 (67) | 16 (59) | 0.6 |
| Hemodialyzed, N (%) | 19 (70) | 14 (52) | 0.2 |
| Dialysis duration, monthsa | 7 (2–32) | 11 (2–38) | 0.7 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.5 ± 6.1 | 25.1 ± 5.4 | 0.067 |
| Diabetes, N (%) | 9 (33) | 7 (26) | 0.6 |
| Active smoking, N (%) | 10 (37) | 6 (22) | 0.2 |
| Hypertension, N (%) | 11 (41) | 11 (41) | 1.0 |
| MAP, mmHg | 102 ± 12 | 103 ± 13 | 0.6 |
| Serum creatinine, μmol/L | 464 (405–596) | 446 (313–510) | 0.1 |
| eGFR (MDRD), mL/min/1.73 m2a | 12 (10–14) | 14 (10–19) | 0.4 |
| Albumin, g/L | 41.7 ± 3.4 | 40.1 ± 6.0 | 0.4 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.65 ± 1.27 | 4.97 ± 1.76 | 0.6 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.23 ± 0.38 | 1.30 ± 0.40 | 0.6 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.56 ± 1.00 | 2.70 ± 1.41 | 0.8 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.98 ± 1.17 | 2.10 ± 1.00 | 0.4 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 5.30 (4.80–7.90) | 5.00 (4.40–5.40) | 0.2 |
| Insulin, μU/mLb | 10.7 (6.2–23.8) | 8.4 (5.2–12.1) | 0.3 |
| HOMA-IRb | 2.28 (1.32–4.85) | 1.68 (1.08–2.68) | 0.2 |
| Ca × Pi, mmol2/L2 | 3.59 (2.87–4.46) | 3.04 (2.91–3.70) | 0.4 |
| iPTH, pg/mL | 286 (186–524) | 265 (153–343) | 0.4 |
| OPN, ng/mL | 340 (225–681) | 315 (215–438) | 0.3 |
| OPG, pmol/L | 7.80 (5.76–10.61) | 7.43 (3.03–12.52) | 0.5 |
| OC, ng/mL | 44.2 (33.6–78.2) | 41.8 (24.6–61.8) | 0.2 |
| FGF-23, RU/mL | 1148 (487–5066) | 970 (435–1468) | 0.3 |
| Fetuin-A, g/L | 0.27 ± 0.06 | 0.23 ± 0.04 | 0.042 |
| CRP, mg/L | 9.64 (2.97–19.00) | 4.80 (2.19–17.90) | 0.5 |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 4.58 (1.86–6.36) | 3.89 (2.18–8.22) | 0.7 |
| uric acid, | 349 (234–426) | 355 (259–432) | 0.9 |
| FRAP, mM/L | 0.75 (0.62–1.21) | 0.74 (0.52–1.06) | 0.5 |
| FRASC, μM/L | 46.8 (41.0–58.9) | 50.2 (43.1–57.3) | 0.9 |
| DPPH, % | 43.4 (37.4–68.0) | 36.8 (33.0–40.5) | 0.007 |
| PAI-1, ng/mL | 1.92 (1.58–2.57) | 1.16 (0.95–1.77) | 0.011 |
| Plasma AGEs, ng/mL | 537 (274–741) | 492 (251–2570) | 0.8 |
| Plasma sRAGE, ng/mL | 1.75 (1.09–2.73) | 1.91 (1.32–2.72) | 0.7 |
| Plasma AGEs/sRAGE | 412 (116–777) | 264 (132–1455) | 0.7 |
| AGEs in radial artery, arbitrary units | 80.9 ± 18.7 | 33.6 ± 9.5 | — |
aData for hemodialyzed patients; bdata for patients without diabetes.