Table 1. Distribution of Demographics and Circulating Sex Hormone Binding Globin Levels in Metabolic Syndrome Cases and Controls.

Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors	Metabolic Syndrome Cases (n = 37)	Controls (n = 323)	P-Value
Gender 1	29.7%	55.4%	0.003 ▪
Age 2	12.2 (0.54)	13.1 (0.19)	0.020 ◊
Family History of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) 3	[26(9)]	[200(103)]	0.325
Family History of Hyperlipidemia (LPD) 4	[29(6)]	[212(90)]	0.116
Parental Smoking (PS) 5	[14(23)]	[133(190)]	0.696
Sex Hormone Binding Globin (SHBG) 6	57.6 (7.16)	75.3 (2.38)	0.005 ◊

Note: P-Values presented above are from the Chi-Square test of Association, unless otherwise indicated.

¹ Percentage of indicated Metabolic Syndrome subset (i.e. cases or controls) that is female

² Mean (Standard Error) of age measured in years

³ CM: [CVD Controls (CVD Cases)], CVD Case definition is presence of family history of Cardiovascular Disease

⁴ LPD: [LPD Controls (LPD Cases)], LPD Case definition is presence of family history of dyslipidemia

⁵ PS: [PS Cases (PS Controls)], PS Case definition is presence of either maternal or paternal smoking in the participant’s primary residence

⁶Mean (Standard Error) of Sex hormone binding globulin measured in nmol/l

^▪P-value presented is from the two group test of proportions in STATA 11

^◊P-value presented is from Wilcoxon Rank Sum test