Figure 1. Relations of left ventricular mass and late filling volume with aortic stiffness and end-systolic pressure.

Left ventricular mass (A) and late filling volume (B) summarized according to groups defined by sex-specific median aortic stiffness (Eh) and end-systolic pressure (P_es). Aortic stiffness was evaluated as the product of Young’s modulus and aortic wall thickness and had a positive relation with both mass (P=0.001) and late filling volume (P=0.010). Aortic pressure was also positively related with mass (P=0.008) and late filling volume (P=0.033). Results were consistent when left ventricular mass was indexed to body surface area. There were 106 participants with low stiffness and low pressure, 68 participants had low stiffness and high pressure, 69 participants had high stiffness and low pressure, and 104 participants had high stiffness and high pressure. Left ventricular mass and late filling volume were log-transformed prior to analysis and reverse transformed for presentation. Values represent the geometric mean and 95% confidence intervals. Values were adjusted for sex, age, height, weight, heart rate, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, left-ventricular end-diastolic volume, augmentation index, diabetes, current smoking, cardiovascular disease, treated hypertension, and statin use.