Table 1.

Adjusted mean percent of moderate and vigorous physical activity (as a function of total accelerometer wear time) by center-level predictor variables in linear mixed models

Predictor Variable	Description	N	Adjusted Mean Percent of MVPA (SE)
Physical Characteristics
Suitability of indoor playspace	Quiet play	6	12.0 (0.9)*
	Limited movement	23	13.6 (0.5)
	All activities	5	14.9 (1.0)
	(referent category)
Posters, books, pictures of PA in class	Yes	18	14.8 (0.7)+
	No	17	13.0 (0.7)
Classroom area (upper quartile split)	<1248 ft2	26	13.5 (0.6)
	≥1248 ft2	8	15.0 (1.0)
Playground area (upper quartile split)	<5436 ft2	25	13.7 (0.6)
	≥5436 ft2	10	14.3 (0.9)
Fixed equipment (median split)	<10	15	13.3 (0.7)
	≥10	19	14.5 (0.7)
Portable equipment (median split)	<21	16	14.5 (0.7)
	≥21	18	13.5 (0.7)
Sedentary equipment (median split)	<9	18	14.4 (0.7)
	≥9	16	13.5 (0.7)
Drinking water available outdoors	Yes	9	14.7 (0.6)
	No	26	13.6 (1.0)
Practices
Duration of outdoor play	<60 minutes	27	13.4 (0.5)*
	≥60 minutes	8	15.8 (1.0)
Num. of children on playground (median split)	<16	16	14.4 (0.7)
	≥16	19	13.4 (0.7)
Teacher-led outdoor PA	Yes	22	13.3 (0.8)
	No	13	14.2 (0.6)
Staff participation in indoor play	Yes	17	13.3 (0.7)*
	No	7	16.2 (1.1)
Staff participation in outdoor play	Yes	15	13.3 (0.7)
	No	20	14.3 (0.6)
Staff encouragement of PA in indoor play	Yes	12	15.3 (0.8)*
	No	12	12.9 (0.8)
Staff encouragement of PA in outdoor play	Yes	12	13.5 (0.8)
	No	23	14.1 (0.6)
Computer availability (to children) per observation day	≤15 minutes	22	14.5 (0.6)
	(including no
	computer)
	>15 minutes	13	12.9 (0.8)
PA curriculum	Yes	13	13.3 (0.8)
	No	22	14.2 (0.6)
Other
Median household income of preschool block group1	Continuous (dollars)		Coeff = .003651 (.001515)*
NAEYC2	Yes	20	13.8 (0.6))
	No	15	14.0 (0.8)
Head Start2	Yes	18	13.4 (0.7)
	No	17	14.4 (0.7)

Estimated marginal means, controlling for gender, age, and BMI percentile. Variables collected during on-site observation unless otherwise noted.

¹ U.S. Census Bureau.

² Interview.

* p < 0.05.

⁺ borderline significant (p = 0.064).