Table 1.

Association between demographic and clinical variables, treatment, maternal HIV status, HIV plasma viral load and CD4+ T-cell count and mortality in children and adolescents with vertically transmitted AIDS

				Current Status*
Variable		Total		Alive		Dead		p-value**
		N	%	N	%	N	%
Sex
Male		80	45	71	47	9	35	0.240
Female		97	55	80	53	17	65
Age-group at admission
<1 year		60	34	43	28	17	65	0.001
≥1 year		117	66	108	72	9	35
Skin color
White		33	19	30	20	3	12	0.314
Other		144	81	121	80	23	88
Place of residence
Metropolitan region		123	69	107	71	16	62	0.340
Other		54	31	44	29	10	38
ART initiated before 6 months of age
Yes		34	20	25	17	9	38	0.023
No		134	80	119	83	15	63
More than three months of ART
Yes		161	96	144	100	17	71	0.001
No		7	4	0	0	7	29
Severe immune impairment
Yes		85	48	65	43	20	77	0.001
No		92	52	86	57	6	23
CD4+ percentage
>25%		67	38	62	41	5	20	0.024
15–24%		61	35	53	35	8	32
<15%		47	27	35	23	12	48
Baseline HIV viral load
≥ 100,000		102	58	80	53	22	88	0.001
<100,000		73	42	70	47	3	12
Mother had prenatal care
Yes		95	55	81	55	14	56	0.933
No		77	45	66	45	11	44
Mother’s diagnosis
Prior to or during delivery		56	32	48	32	8	32	0.983
Following delivery		118	68	101	68	17	68
Mother received prophylactic treatment
Yes		39	22	32	21	7	28	0.469
No		135	78	117	79	18	72
During pregnancy
	Yes	25	14	20	13	5	20	0.386
	No	149	86	129	87	20	80
At delivery
	Yes	33	19	28	19	5	21	0.813
	No	140	81	121	81	19	79
Infant received prophylactic treatment
Yes		38	22	31	21	7	29	0.359
No		135	78	118	79	17	71
Whether the entire ACTG 076 protocol was implemented
Yes		12	7	10	7	2	8	0.807
No		163	93	140	93	23	92
Type of delivery
Vaginal		105	72	86	70	19	83	0.233
Cesarean		40	28	36	30	4	17
Breastfeeding
Yes		113	73	98	75	15	63	0.212
No		42	27	33	25	9	38
Category of exposure of mother
Injectable drug user		16	11	14	10	2	12	0.869
Sexual		134	88	119	88	15	88
Transfusion		2	1	2	1	0	0
How diagnosis of case was made
Mother with AIDS became pregnant		7	4	4	3	3	12	0.003
Mother during prenatal care		30	17	30	20	0	0
Mother at or after delivery, or father		61	35	56	38	5	20
When the child became ill		75	43	58	39	17	68
When a sibling was diagnosed		1	1	1	1	0	0
Current care-giver
Mother, father or other relative		149	85	126	84	23	92	0.298
Adopted or in an institution		26	15	24	16	2	8
BMI adequate for age
Yes		26	34	23	38	3	18	0.111
No		51	66	37	62	14	82

*There are missing values in some variables. **p-value of the chi-square test. The numbers in boldface highlight the statistical significance.

Infectious Diseases and AIDS Pediatric Care Clinic of the State Pediatric Hospital between 2001 and 2011 (n = 177), Vitoria, Brazil.