Table 3.

Means, (standard deviations), independent t-test results, and effect sizes for 17 Traditional Oral Exam Group residents and 18 Immersive Virtual Exam Group residents on 8 American Board of Emergency Medicine competency category scores.

	Group
Competency category	Traditional	Virtual	t	df	Effect size
Data acquisition	6.18 (0.64)	5.94 (1.30)	0.67	25	−0.23
Problem solving	5.59 (0.94)	6.17 (0.92)	1.84	33	0.60
Patient management	5.18 (1.13)	5.89 (1.37)	1.67	33	0.55
Resource utilization	6.06 (0.66)	6.50 (0.86)	1.70	33	0.56
Health care provided	5.53 (1.07)	6.28 (1.07)	2.07	33	0.67
Interpersonal relations	5.76 (0.83)	5.72 (0.83)	0.15	33	−0.05
Comprehension of pathophysiology	5.94 (0.90)	6.28 (1.02)	1.03	33	0.35
Clinical competence	5.59 (1.00)	6.28 (1.02)	2.02	33	0.65

^*A family-wise Bonferroni correction was used to control for Type I error rates (finding significant differences by chance). The corrected p-value considered for statistical significance is equal to 0.006.

^**Scores were assigned by proctors using a standard ABEM 1–8 scale.