Fig 5. Functional pathway and immune cell-signaling analysis of TCL-loaded DCs which were treated with Cp-, Am-, [Am+Cp]- or LPS.

The relationships between the biological functions and cytokines/chemokines of (A) DC+TCL+Cp, (B) DC+TCL+Am, (C) DC+TCL+[Am+Cp] and (D) DC+TCL+LPS were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. The cytokine/chemokine expression was determined by specific cytokine array (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) and the expression levels that were altered more than two-fold in TCL groups were used in an IPA study. The signaling hubs (functions) include the differentiation of lymphocytes and dendritic cells, proliferation of helper T cells and monocytes, recruitment of phagocytes, chemotaxis of lymphocytes and inhibition of tumor growth.