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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 31.
Published in final edited form as: J Immunol. 2014 Dec 24;194(3):950–959. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401686

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Early effects of combination blockade on cytokine secretion by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes

Tumor biopsy and peripheral blood were obtained from a patient before and 3 weeks after starting combination therapy with ipilimumab and nivolumab. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes were either cultured alone (Alone) or with anti-CD3/CD28 beads (Anti-CD3/28). Culture supernatant obtained at 48 hours was subjected to luminex assay. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained at the same time were stimulated with PMA and ionomycin and intracellular flow cytometry was performed for the detection of IFNγ.

(A) Secretion of IFNγ by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes before and after therapy.

(B) Secretion of IL2 by the tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.

(C) Percent of IFNγ positive CD4 and CD8 T cells in the peripheral blood obtained pre and post therapy from the same patient.