Table 4. Characteristics of the studies included in the meta-analysis.
| Author, Year | Sample | Target Group | Description of Intervention (Name; Components; Dose) |
PFI components | Follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Short; Long | |||||
| Alfonso, Hall, & Dunn (2012) |
Total N = 101 IPFI N = 53 CPFI N = 48 44% Female 79% White Mean age = 18.8 |
College students; mandated |
IPFI: BASICS, individual, DB, GS, 50 mins; CPFI: ECHUG |
NormG; Prob; AE; Pr; MT; BAC; Cal; Mo; HRS/PBS; RF; R |
3 months; N/A |
| Alfonso, Hall, & Dunn (2012) |
Total N = 120 IPFI N = 72 CPFI N = 48 47% Female 81% White Mean age = 18.8 |
College students; mandated |
IPFI: BASICS, group, DB, GS 120 mins; CPFI: ECHUG |
NormG; Prob; AE; Pr; MT; BAC; Cal; Mo; HRS/PBS; RF; R |
3 months; N/A |
| Butler & Correia (2009) | Total N = 58 IPFI N = 28 CPFI N = 30 65% Female 89% White Mean age = 20.2 |
College students; heavy drinkers |
IPFI: individual, GS, 41 mins; CPFI: 11 mins; |
NormC; NormG; Binge; ProbG; BAC; Time; Cal; Mo; HRS; R |
1 month; N/A |
| Cunningham et al. (2012) | Total N = 491 IPFI N = 254 CPFI N = 237 56% Female 39% White Mean age = 16.8 |
14-18 yr old Level 1 Trauma patients (past year alcohol use and aggression) |
IPFI: individual, GS, DB, 37 minS CPFI: 29 mins; GS |
NormG; R | N/A; 12 months |
| Doumas & Hannah (2008) | Total N = 123 IPFI N = 63 CPFI N = 60 49% Female 87% White |
18-24 yr old employees |
IPFI: individual, 15 mins; CPFI: Center for Addiction and Mental Health Feedback |
Norm; Prob; Cal; Mo; RF | 1 month; N/A |
| Doumas, Workman, Smith, & Navarro (2011a) | Total N = 135 IPFI N = 54 CPFI N = 81 48% Female 82% White Mean age = 19.1 |
College students; mandated | IPFI: ECHUG, individual, 39 mins; CPFI: ECHUG | NormC; NormG; Prob; BAC; Cal; Mo; GR; RF; R |
N/A; 8 months |
| Doumas, Workman, Navarro, & Smith (2011b) | Total N = 156 IPFI N = 24 CPFI N = 32 40% Female 87% White Mean age = 19.2 |
College students; mandated |
IPFI: ECHUG, individual, 42 mins; CPFI: ECHUG |
NormC; NormG; Prob; BAC; Cal; Mo; GR; RF; R |
1 month; N/A |
| Juarez, Walters, Daugherty, & Radi (2006) | Total N = 35 IPFI N = 15 CPFI N = 20 52% Female 57% White Mean age = 19.4 |
College students; heavy drinkers |
IPFI: CHUG, individual, DB, 60 80 mins; CPFI: CHUG, mailed |
NormG; Prob; BAC; Cal; Mo; RF; R |
2 months; N/A |
| Monti et al. (2007) | Total N = 198 IPFI N = 98 CPFI N = 100 33% Female 66% White Mean age = 20.6 |
18-24 yr old Level 1 Trauma patients + alcohol use |
IPFI: individual, DB, GS, 30-45 mins;; CPFI: booster session1: IPFI: 20-30 mins booster; CPFI : 5 min booster |
Norm; Prob; RF; MC; R | N/A; 12 months |
| Murphy, Dennhardt, Skidmore, Martens, & McDevitt-Murphy (2010) | Total N = 91 IPFI N = 46 CPFI N = 45 50% Female 65% White Mean age = 18.6 |
College students; heavy drinkers |
IPFI: BASICS, individual, DB, GS, 50 mins; CPFI: ECHUG, 30 mins | NormG; Prob; AE; Pr; MT; BAC; Cal; Mo; HRS/PBS; RF; R |
1 month; N/A |
| Murphy et al., (2004) | Total N = 54 IPFI N = 26 CPFI N = 28 69% Female 94% White Mean age = 18.6 |
College students; heavy drinkers |
IPFI: individual, DB, GS, 30-50 mins; CPFI: 30 mins |
Norm; Binge; Prob; BAC; Time; Cal; HRS; GR: RF |
N/A; 6 months |
| Walters, Vader, Harris, Field, & Jouriles (2009) | Total N = 140 IPFI N = 73 CPFI N = 67 64% Female 84% White Mean age = 19.8 |
College students; heavy drinkers |
IPFI: ECHUG, individual, GS, 50 mins; CPFI: ECHUG |
NormC; Binge; Prob; BAC; Cal; Mo; GR; RF; R |
3 months; 6 months |
| Walton et al. (2010) | Total N = 491 IPFI N = 254 CPFI N = 237 56% Female 39% White Mean age = 16.8 |
14-18 yr old Level 1 Trauma patients (past year alcohol use and aggression) |
IPFI: individual, DB, GS, 35 mins; CPFI: GS | NormG; R | 3 months; N/A |
| White, Mun, Pugh, & Morgan (2007) | Total N = 348 IPFI N = 180 CPFI N = 168 40% Female 81% White |
College students; mandated | IPFI: individual; CPFI; | NormG; Prob; AE; BAC; HRS; GR; RF; Psych |
4 months; 15 months |
Note. Short follow up = ≤ 4 months post baseline assessment; Long follow up = > 4 months post baseline assessment; Total N = number of consenting participants included for the present analyses; IPFI = in-person personalized feedback intervention PFI; CPFI = computer-delivered PFI; BASICS = brief alcohol screening and intervention for college students; e-Chug = electronic check-up to go; DB = decisional balance; GS =goal-setting; PFI components = personalized feedback intervention components, note all components within a study are the same for both IPFI and CPFI conditions; PFI components: Norm = normative alcohol use; NormC = campus specific normative alcohol use; NormG= gender specific normative alcohol use ; Binge= binge drinking frequency; Prob= alcohol- related problems; ProbG= gender specific alcohol-related problems; AE = alcohol expectancies; Pr= alcohol-related protective factors; MT= Moderation strategies/training ; BAC = BAC for heavy/typical drinking; Time= time allocation; Cal= calories from alcohol; Mo=money spent on alcohol; HRS /PBS= harm reduction strategies/protective behavioral strategies; RF= general risk factors; GR= genetic risk; MC= motivation to change; Psych= psychological symptoms; R= resources
all participants were assigned to a 1 month booster session where drinking was reviewed with a counselor on the phone and a 3 month booster where all participants completed new assessment and received new feedback sheet