Table 5. Weighted mean effect sizes and homogeneity statistics for in-person and computer-delivered personalized feedback interventions by follow-up interval.
| k | N | Weighed means (SE) | d (95% CI) | Q | I 2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| In Person PFI |
Computer- delivered PFI |
In Person PFI |
Computer- delivered PFI |
|||||
|
Short follow-up (≤ 4
months) |
||||||||
| Binge Episodes | 4 | 448 | 427 | 2.56 (.96)* | 2.43 (.70)* | −.04 (−.18, .11) | 2.53 | 0 |
| Drinks per Week | 5 | 319 | 301 | 9.67 (2.22) | 9.18 (1.90) | −.04 (−.29, .20) | 7.70 | 48% |
| Frequency of Intoxication |
2 | 56 | 59 | 1.74 (.56) | 1.43 (.58) | −.21 (−.58, .16) | .02 | 0 |
| Quantity | 9 | 499 | 455 | 7.12 (2.14) | 6.96 (1.39) | −.01 (−.12, .13) | 7.97 | 0% |
| Frequency | 6 | 504 | 486 | 2.47 (.56)* | 2.35 (.53)* | −.07 (−.21, .06) | 1.78 | 0 |
| Quantity/Frequency Composite |
10 | 714 | 660 | 5.43 (.93)* | 5.37 (.98)* | −.03 (−.14, .08) | 6.89 | 0 |
| BAC | 5 | 374 | 328 | .09 (.02) | .09 (.02) | −.09 (−.24, .06) | 2.67 | 0 |
| Alcohol-Related Problems |
8 | 633 | 584 | 5.82 (1.34)* | 4.39 (.90)* | −.06 (−.24, .12) | 12.47 | 44% |
|
Long follow-up (>4
months) |
||||||||
| Binge Episodes | 5 | 455 | 464 | 2.15 (.25)* | 2.51 (.24)* | .03 (−.15, .22) | 6.67 | 40% |
| Drinks per Week | 5 | 318 | 317 | 10.07 (1.67) | 11.62 (1.53) | .19 (.03, .34) | .97 | 0 |
| Frequency of Intoxication |
-- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Quantity | 5 | 318 | 317 | 10.00 (2.64) | 11.35 (1.44) | .18 (.02, 34) | 1.03 | 0 |
| Frequency | 5 | 455 | 464 | 2.48 (.40)* | 2.96 (.44)* | .07 (−.15, .28) | 8.33 | .08 |
| Quantity/Frequency Composite |
6 | 522 | 518 | 6.59 (1.29)* | 7.50 (1.18)* | .05 (−.08, .17) | 8.12 | 38% |
| BAC | 2 | 180 | 160 | .08 (.03) | .09 (.03) | .13 (−.08, .35) | .37 | 0 |
| Alcohol-Related Problems |
6 | 522 | 518 | 7.52 (1.80)* | 8.21 (1.99)* | .05 (−.09, .18) | 3.73 | 0 |
Note. PFI = Personalized Feedback Intervention. d = Cohen’s d for between group differences at follow-up. SE = standard error. Positive ES favor in-person PFIs. Bold indicates significant effects (p < .05). Frequency of intoxication was not reported for any study at a long follow-up.
*
= one study had data in the form of odds ratios that was able to be included in the overall effect size (d) but was not included in the group weighted means and SEs.