. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Mar 7;23(4):907–913. doi: 10.1002/oby.21040

Table 3.

Hazard ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals of maternal BMI category and time to achieve gross motor milestones using normal BMI as the reference category.

		Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
		Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P-Value	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P-Value	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P-Value
Sit without Support	Obese	0.92 (0.85, 0.99)	0.04⁺	0.90 (0.83, 0.98)	0.01⁺	0.91 (0.84, 0.99)	0.03⁺
Sit without Support	Overweight	1.03 (0.95, 1.10)	0.52	1.02 (0.94, 1.10)	0.58	1.01 (0.93, 1.09)	0.77
Crawl on Hands and Knees	Obese	0.87 (0.80, 0.95)	0.01⁺	0.86 (0.79, 0.93)	<0.01⁺	0.86 (0.79, 0.93)	<0.01⁺
Crawl on Hands and Knees	Overweight	1.01 (0.93, 1.09)	0.80	1.00 (0.92, 1.09)	0.92	1.00 (0.91, 1.08)	0.95
Stand with Assistance	Obese	0.96 (0.88, 1.03)	0.27	0.94 (0.86, 1.02)	0.13	0.93 (0.85, 1.01)	0.09
Stand with Assistance	Overweight	1.05 (0.96, 1.13)	0.26	1.03 (0.95, 1.12)	0.41	1.01 (0.93, 1.09)	0.78
Walk With Assistance	Obese	0.98 (0.90, 1.06)	0.62	0.96 (0.88, 1.05)	0.42	0.96 (0.88, 1.04)	0.37
Walk With Assistance	Overweight	1.09 (1.00, 1.18)	0.04⁺	1.09 (1.00, 1.18)	0.04⁺	1.08 (0.98, 1.17)	0.09
Stand Alone	Obese	1.02 (0.93, 1.11)	0.70	1.01 (0.92, 1.10)	0.89	1.00 (0.91, 1.09)	0.97
Stand Alone	Overweight	1.04 (0.95, 1.13)	0.38	1.03 (0.94, 1.12)	0.52	1.02 (0.93, 1.11)	0.68
Walk Alone	Obese	0.95 (0.87, 1.04)	0.27	0.96 (0.87, 1.05)	0.40	0.96 (0.87, 1.05)	0.41
Walk Alone	Overweight	1.02 (0.93, 1.11)	0.65	1.03 (0.93, 1.12)	0.57	1.02 (0.93, 1.11)	0.72

⁺

Statistically significant at the p=0.05 level

Model 1: Adjusted by maternal age only.

Model 2: Adjusted by maternal age, maternal race, maternal education, marital status, smoking status before and during pregnancy, alcohol use during pregnancy, and private insurance.

Model 3: Adjusted for covariates in the Model 2 + plurality, infant gender, birth weight, and gestational age.