(a) The extracellular matrix is composed of many different proteins, including collagen, fibonectin, and laminin, which were carefully preserved in decellularized heart tissue in a study by Ott et al.45 (b) The cellular microenvironment is a complex biophysical and biochemical environment where cells reside. This microenvironment includes degradable structural fibers, adhesive binding domains, and proteoglycans for biomolecule sequestration.