Scheme 4.

Petasis borono–Mannich (PBM) reaction with glycerol-derived boronic esters. Relative energies given in parenthesis (in kcal mol−1) refer to the optimised, zwitterionic 2-[dimethyliminio)methyl]phenolate (Im) and glycerol 1,2-phenylboronate (gbe1) set of reagents, and include the thermal correction to the Gibbs free energy in 1,2-ethanediol.