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(a) HDL-mediated efflux of cholesterol from macrophages of atherosclerotic arteries and (b) HDL-mediated uptake of xanthophylls (yellow dots) by enterocytes. ABCA1 = ATP-binding cassette transporter A1; CETP = cholesteryl ester transfer protein; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; SRB1 = scavenger receptor class B1; VLDL = very low-density lipoprotein.
