Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of VBM studies for GMV on AD in meta-analysis
| Study | Number | Age | Education | MMSE | Diagnostic criteria | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Female) | (Years) | (Years) | |||||||
| AD | NC | AD | NC | AD | NC | AD | NC | ||
| Guo2014 [11] | 35 (23) | 27 (11) | 72.4 (8.5) | 69.2 (6.5) | NA | NA | 19.7 (4.1) | 28.9 (1.0) | ICD-10 criteria |
| Teipel2012 [30] | 137 (79) | 143 (72) | 72.5 (8.3) | 69.2 (5.9) | 10.2 (3.3) | 13.1 (3.8) | 20.6 (5.3) | 28.8 (1.1) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Rami2012 [12,62] | 32 | 24 | 75.5 (5.5) | 71.4 (6.6) | 8.3 (2.9) | 9.0 (4.7) | 22.5 (3.3) | 28.1 (1.4) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Gili2011 [29] | 11 (4) | 10 (3) | 71.9 (7.9) | 64.1 (10.5) | 9.9 (4.9) | 14.3 (3.4) | 19.7 (4.5) | 28.34 (2.0) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Lehmann2011 [13] | 30 (16) | 50 (33) | 69.2 (8.9) | 63.7 (9.6) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Serra2010 [14] | 9 (6) | 13 (4) | 72.4 (7.5) | 64.1 (10.5) | 9.9 (4.9) | 14.3 (3.4) | 18.2 (4.4) | 28.9 (1.3) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Guo2010 [23] | 13 (7) | 14 (8) | 72.1 (6.5) | 70.4 (3.5) | NA | NA | 18.5 (3.5) | 28.5 (0.6) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Ibrahim2009 [22] | 20 (11) | 23 (18) | 73.67 (7.58) | 66.70 (5.82) | 13.10 (2.95) | 14.22 (2.36) | 15.60 (7.20) | 29.13 (0.99) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Kanda2008 [15] | 20 | 20 | 65.0 | 65.2 | NA | NA | 17.5 | 29.0 | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Whitwell2007 [5,16] | 38 (22) | 38 (22) | 65.3 (6.9) | 65.9 (7.0) | 12.5 | 14.0 | 17.0 | 29.0 | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Hamalainen2007 [24] | 15 (10) | 21 (17) | 73.1 (6.7) | 71.2 (4.9) | 8.2 (2.7) | 7.9 (2.9) | 21.7 (3.7) | 27.7 (2.0) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| DiPaola2007 [18] | 18 (14) | 18 (14) | 64.3 (10.2) | 65.4 (10.6) | 8.8 (4.2) | 8.1 (2.8) | 16.9 (4.3) | 29.0 (1.6) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Samuraki2007 [28] | 39 (20) | 73 (36) | 68.03 (8.76) | 66.78 (8.34) | NA | NA | 22.3 (3.3) | 29.2 (0.8) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Rabinovici2007 [17] | 11 (6) | 40 (23) | 64.5 (9.7) | 63.5 (5.8) | 16.5 (2.9) | 17.4 (2.4) | 19.9 (6.9) | 29.7 (0.5) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Bozzali2006 [26] | 22 (11) | 20 (13) | 67.9 (7.6) | 65.8 (6.8) | NA | NA | 19.8 (4.1) | 27.3 (1.2) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Shiino2006 [27] | 40 (21) | 88 (48) | 71.1 (9.7) | 68.7 (8.7) | NA | NA | 18.03 (3.91) | 29.09 (1.47) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Ishii2005 [19] | 30 (22) | 30 (22) | 66.8 (7.0) | 66.8 (7.9) | NA | NA | 14.7 (5.4) | 24.0 (2.2) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Hirata2005 [7] | 61 (29) | 82 (43) | 70.6 (8.4) | 70.1 (7.7) | NA | NA | 26.0 (1.5) | 28.7 (1.5) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Boxer2003 [20] | 11 (8) | 15 (7) | 69.6 (8.2) | 65.1 (8.3) | 16.3 (3.8) | 16.6 (3.9) | 20.2 (7.3) | 29.5 (0.5) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Frisoni2002 [21] | 29 (23) | 26 (17) | 74 (9) | 69 (8) | 7 (4) | 8 (3) | 21 (4) | 29 (1) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Ohnishi2001 [25] | 26 (15) | 47 (16) | 72.1 (1.1) | 28.5 (6.0) | NA | NA | 20.7 (3.1) | NA | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Matsuda2002 [34] | 15 (4) | 25 (9) | 71.1 (7.1) | 71.2 (7.3) | NA | NA | 21.5 (2.9) | 29.5 (0.6) | DSM-IV |
| Busatto2003 [35] | 14 (5) | 14 (6) | 72.2 (7.2) | 69.4 (5.9) | 9.1 (4.2) | 7.1 (4.7) | 20.7 (3.1) | 29.1 (0.5) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Raji2009 [31] | 33 (20) | 169 (96) | 82.8 (5.16) | 77.57 (3.62) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Honea2009 [32] | 61 (37) | 56 (33) | 74.3 (6.3) | 73.3 (6.2) | 15.3 (3.3) | 16.4 (2.2) | 26.2 (3.7) | 29.4 (0.8) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Brenneis2004 [36] | 10 (3) | 10 (6) | 73.1 (7.6) | 65.1 (8.1) | NA | NA | 17.4 (7.9) | 28.8 (1.6) | DSM-IV |
| Hirao2006 [39] | 61 (29) | 61 (31) | 70.6 (8.4) | 70.2 (7.3) | NA | NA | 26.0 (1.5) | 28.7 (1.5) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Brambati2009 [33] | 10 (5) | 13 (8) | 71.5 (5.9) | 75.0 (5.0) | 12.6 (4.7) | 14.9 (5.0) | 22.5 (2.3) | 29.1 (1.2) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Baxter2006 [38] | 15 (4) | 15 (8) | 75.5 (7.8) | 76.4 (7.9) | 14.7 (2.9) | 15.3 (2.9) | 14–28 | 28.5 (1.1) | NINCDS-ADRDA |
| Zahn2005 [37] | 10 (6) | 10 (5) | 66.5 (8.9) | 65.8 (7.8) | NA | NA | 23.6 (2.8) | NA | NINCDS-ADRDA |
Key: AD, Alzheimer’s disease; NC, normal cognition subjects; MMSE, the Mini Mental State Examination; NA, not available; VBM, voxel-based morphometry; GMV, Grey matter volume; NINCDS-ADRDA, National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke/Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Association; DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; ICD-10 criteria, International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision.