(A) Metabolic labeling with 4sU. This method quantifies de novo transcripts, permitting assessment of mitochondrial transcription in whole cells. It can also be used to monitor transcript degradation. (B) Transcription of Sirt3, driven by the viral CMV promoter, was induced in cells replete with SIRT3, whereas transcription of several housekeeping genes was unchanged (n = 3). (C) Cells stably expressing SIRT3 exhibited increased mitochondrial transcription (n = 3). (D) Uridine was used to chase the 4sU label and assess transcript half-life. Half-lives of mitochondrial transcripts in H2.35 hepatoma cells stably expressing SIRT3 were unchanged. Data are mean ± SEM. ****P < 0.0001, 2-way ANOVA, with (B) or without (C) Bonferroni post-test.