Table 1.
Basic demographic characteristics of the study population.
| U-BD (n=15) |
M-BD (n=19) |
Non-BD (n=59) |
HC (n=29) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||
| Age (years) | 14.4 ± 2.1 | 13.6 ± 2.1 | 13.8 ± 1.9 | 13.1 ± 2.4 | .17 |
| Gender (% male) | 7/15 (47%) | 13/19 (68%) | 37/59 (54%) | 13/29 (44%) | .24 |
| IQ | 100 ± 17 | 106 ± 13 | 104 ± 17 | 107 ± 12 | .54 |
| Other Diagnoses | |||||
| DBD | 4/15 (27%) | 5/19 (26%) | 23/59 (39%) | 0 0%) | .002 |
| ADHD | 6/15 (40%) | 10/19 (52%) | 43/59 (73%) | 0 (0%) | <.0001 |
| Medication | |||||
| Mood Stabilizers | 0/15 (0%) | 9/19 (79%) | 0/59 (5%) | 0 (0%) | <.0001 |
| Antipsychotics | 0/15 (0%) | 16/19 (68%) | 6/59 (7%) | 0 (0%) | <.0001 |
| Antidepressants | 0/15 (0%) | 6/19 (32%) | 7/59 (12%) | 0 (0%) | .003 |
| Stimulants | 4/15 (27%) | 10/19 (53%) | 26/59 (44%) | 0 (0%) | <.0001 |
| Non-stimulant | 2/15 (13%) | 3/19 (16%) | 2/59 (3%) | 0 (0%) | .06 |
DBD = disruptive behavioral disorders; ADHD = attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder