. 2015 Mar 16;17(3):e68. doi: 10.2196/jmir.3414

Table 5.

Choice of the hospital with the lowest risk-adjusted mortality rate (RAMR).

Information presentation feature	Feature included			Feature not included			Choice of lowest RAMR		Comprehensibility
	Respondents, n	Selected hospital with the lowest RAMR, n (%)	Comprehensibility,^a mean (SD)	Respondents, n	Selected hospital with the lowest RAMR, n (%)	Comprehensibility, ^a mean (SD)	χ² (df)	P	t (df)	P
Table without symbols	1245	575 (46.18)	3.07 (1.85)	4836	3119 (64.50)	3.77 (1.92)	139.2 (1)	<.001	-11.657 (6079)	<.001
Table with symbols	1787	928 (51.93)	3.58 (1.84)	4294	2766 (64.42)	3.65 (1.96)	82.5 (1)	<.001	-1.300 (6979)	.19
Bar chart without symbols	608	392 (64.47)	2.99 (1.84)	5473	3302 (60.33)	3.70 (1.92)	3.9 (1)	.047	-8.626 (6079)	<.001
Bar chart with symbols	2441	1799 (73.70)	4.11 (1.92)	3640	1895 (52.06)	3.31 (1.86)	286.9 (1)	<.001	16.289 (6079)	<.001
Bar chart with traffic light symbols	1814	1341 (73.93)	4.25 (1.93)	4267	2353 (55.14)	3.36 (1.86)	188.3 (1)	<.001	16.774 (6079)	<.001
Bar chart with thumb symbols	627	458 (73.05)	3.70 (1.83)	5454	3236 (59.33)	3.62 (1.94)	44.4 (1)	<.001	1.030 (6079)	.30
Providers ranked by performance	1221	883 (72.32)	4.29 (1.91)	4860	2811 (57.84)	3.46 (1.89)	85.8 (1)	<.001	13.620 (6079)	<.001
Explicit statement about whether higher or lower values indicate better performance	3017	2079 (68.91)	3.85 (1.97)	3064	1615 (52.71)	3.41 (1.86)	167.3 (1)	<.001	9.112 (6079)	<.001
No statement about scale direction, but range for good quality presented	1220	884 (72.46)	4.04 (1.91)	4861	2810 (57.81)	3.52 (1.92)	87.8 (1)	<.001	8.440 (6079)	<.001
*Incomplete data (N/A labels)	2445	1212 (49.57)	3.32 (1.88)	3636	2483 (68.30)	3.84 (1.93)	214.2 (1)	<.001	-10.436 (6079)	<.001

^a Based on a 7-point Likert scale with a range of 1=not at all comprehensible to 7=very comprehensible.