Fig 2. Under cases 1 and 3, t and λ evolve in different directions when g increases.

The solid line depicts $\widehat{t}$, while the dashed line depicts $\widehat{\lambda }$. α = 0.1, β = 0.2, μ ₀ = 1, γ = 5, ε = 0, θ = 0.