Table 2.
Echocardiographic Findings in Noncarriers versus Carriers of the V122I TTR Allele at Visit 5.*
| Variable | Noncarriers (N = 1194) | Carriers (N = 46) | Unadjusted P Value | Adjusted P Value† | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Value | No. of Patients with Data | Value | No. of Patients with Data | |||
| Interventricular septum thickness — cm | 1.1±0.2 | 1187 | 1.1±0.2 | 46 | 0.63 | 0.49 |
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| Posterior wall thickness — cm | 0.9±0.2 | 1188 | 1.0±0.2 | 46 | 0.08 | 0.04 |
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| ||||||
| Relative wall thickness‡ | 0.44±0.09 | 1184 | 0.47±0.16 | 46 | 0.05 | 0.04 |
|
| ||||||
| LV mass — g | 149±46 | 1184 | 154±47 | 46 | 0.48 | 0.31 |
|
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| LV wall thickness — no. of patients (%) | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| >1 cm | 521 (44) | 1189 | 24 (52) | 46 | 0.26 | 0.17 |
|
| ||||||
| >1.2 cm | 111 (9) | 1189 | 5 (11) | 46 | 0.73 | 0.61 |
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| ||||||
| Symmetric LV hypertrophy — no. of patients (%) | 986 (83) | 1185 | 40 (87) | 46 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
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| LV mass index | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Calculated as g/m2 of body-surface area | 78±22 | 1184 | 83±22 | 46 | 0.16 | 0.11 |
|
| ||||||
| Calculated as g/m2.7 of height | 38±12 | 1183 | 40±12 | 46 | 0.38 | 0.45 |
|
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| LV end-diastolic diameter — cm | 4.3±0.5 | 1184 | 4.3±0.6 | 46 | 0.98 | 0.85 |
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| LV end-systolic diameter — cm | 2.6±0.5 | 1184 | 2.7±0.7 | 46 | 0.13 | 0.06 |
|
| ||||||
| LV end-diastolic volume — ml | 84±25 | 1125 | 88±27 | 43 | 0.33 | 0.12 |
|
| ||||||
| LV end-diastolic volume index — ml/m2.7 of height | 21±6 | 1124 | 22±6 | 43 | 0.31 | 0.27 |
|
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| LV end-systolic volume — ml | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Median | 28 | 1125 | 28 | 43 | 0.43 | 0.14 |
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| IQR | 22–35 | 22–37 | ||||
|
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| LV end-systolic volume index — ml/m2.7 of height | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Median | 7.1 | 1125 | 7.1 | 43 | 0.27 | 0.21 |
|
| ||||||
| IQR | 5.8–8.8 | 6.0–9.4 | ||||
|
| ||||||
| LV ejection fraction — % | 65±7 | 1125 | 63±9 | 43 | 0.27 | 0.16 |
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| ||||||
| Stroke volume — ml | 65±15 | 1185 | 62±15 | 45 | 0.20 | 0.18 |
|
| ||||||
| Stroke volume index | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Calculated as ml/m2 of body-surface area | 34±8 | 1184 | 34±9 | 45 | 0.57 | 0.46 |
|
| ||||||
| Calculated as ml/m2.7 of height | 17±4 | 1185 | 16±5 | 45 | 0.32 | 0.12 |
|
| ||||||
| Cardiac output — liters/min | 4.1±1.1 | 1175 | 4.1±1.0 | 45 | 0.79 | 0.73 |
|
| ||||||
| Cardiac index — liters/min/m2 of body-surface area | 2.2±0.5 | 1173 | 2.2±0.5 | 45 | 0.64 | 0.76 |
|
| ||||||
| Left atrial volume index | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Calculated as ml/m2 of body-surface area | 26±9 | 1178 | 28±10 | 45 | 0.12 | 0.11 |
|
| ||||||
| Calculated as ml/m2.7 of height | 13±5 | 1177 | 14±5 | 45 | 0.31 | 0.38 |
|
| ||||||
| E-wave deceleration time — msec | 197±44 | 1189 | 187±45 | 45 | 0.12 | 0.14 |
|
| ||||||
| Ratio of early mitral inflow velocity to late mitral inflow velocity | 0.8±0.3 | 1161 | 0.9±0.5 | 43 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
|
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| Lateral mitral early relaxation velocity — cm/sec | 7.1±2.1 | 1188 | 6.5±1.9 | 45 | 0.11 | 0.10 |
|
| ||||||
| Ratio of early mitral inflow velocity to lateral mitral early relaxation velocity | 10.1±3.9 | 1186 | 11.6±4.3 | 45 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
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| ||||||
| Lateral mitral systolic velocity — cm/sec | 7.2±1.6 | 1159 | 6.7±1.5 | 44 | 0.05 | 0.04 |
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| Tricuspid regurgitation velocity — cm/sec | 240±32 | 712 | 242±30 | 29 | 0.74 | 0.73 |
|
| ||||||
| LV global longitudinal strain — % | −17.4±2.8 | 1125 | −16.6±2.6 | 41 | 0.05 | 0.02 |
|
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| Abnormal LV global longitudinal strain — no. of patients (%) | 902 (80) | 1125 | 36 (88) | 41 | 0.23 | 0.18 |
|
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| Basal LV longitudinal strain — % | −16.1±3.9 | 1125 | −15.2±3.5 | 41 | 0.14 | 0.10 |
|
| ||||||
| Mid-LV longitudinal strain — % | −16.7±3.2 | 1125 | −159±3.7 | 41 | 0.13 | 0.07 |
|
| ||||||
| Apical LV longitudinal strain — % | −19.5±5.0 | 1125 | −18.6±4.0 | 41 | 0.23 | 0.17 |
|
| ||||||
| LV global radial strain — % | 24.3±8.2 | 1125 | 22.8±7.6 | 41 | 0.25 | 0.22 |
|
| ||||||
| LV global circumferential strain — % | −26.9±4.4 | 836 | −26.5±6.2 | 34 | 0.58 | 0.40 |
*
Plus–minus values are means ±SD. Between-group differences were analyzed with the use of Fisher’s exact test or Pearson’s chi-square test for categorical variables and the Mann–Whitney U test or t-test for continuous variables. LV denotes left ventricular.
†
The values were adjusted according to age and sex with the use of linear regression or logistic-regression models.
‡
Relative wall thickness was calculated as (2 × the posterior wall thickness measured at end diastole in centimeters) ÷ the end-diastolic diameter of the left ventricle in centimeters.