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. 2015 Jan 2;125(1):25–32. doi: 10.1172/JCI73939

Figure 2. Regulation of autophagy by mTORC1.

Figure 2

Activation of mTORC1 by nutrients and growth factors leads to inhibition of autophagy through the phosphorylation of multiple autophagy-related proteins, such as ULK1, ATG13, AMBRA1, and ATG14L, which promote autophagy initiation and autophagosome nucleation. mTORC1 also phosphorylates and prevents nuclear localization of the transcription factor TFEB, a master regulator of lysosomal and autophagy gene expression. Proper lysosome function is essential for autophagy completion.