Table 3.
Adjusted Odds Ratios† and 95% CIs for Factors Associated with Parental Beliefs about Child’s Condition Among US CSHCN+ASD Age 6–17 years
| Definitely agree condition is likely to be lifelong rather than temporary | Agree problem can be prevented or decreased with treatment | Agree child’s condition is a mystery to parent | Agree parent has the power to change child’s condition | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| AOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
|
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|
Race/Ethnicity
| ||||
| Hispanic | 0.40 (0.21 – 0.76) | 1.18 (0.56 – 2.48) | 1.61 (0.83 – 3.14) | 0.74 (0.38 – 1.45) |
| Black, Non-Hispanic | 0.41 (0.19 – 0.89) | .82 (0.36 – 1.89) | 1.38 (0.66 – 2.89) | 1.48 (0.69 – 3.20) |
| Other, Race Non-Hispanic | 1.06 (0.49 – 2.29) | 1.00 (0.48 – 2.11) | 1.70 (0.93 – 3.11) | 1.21 (0.61 – 2.37) |
| White, Non-Hispanic | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
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|
Household Income
| ||||
| 0%–99% FPL | 1.00 (0.44 – 2.27) | 0.80 (0.35 – 1.84) | 1.81 (0.84 – 3.92) | 0.53 (0.25 – 1.13) |
| 100%–199% FPL | 0.80 (0.39 – 1.62) | 0.47 (0.24 – 0.92) | 1.21 (0.65 – 2.26) | 0.39 (0.20 – 0.73) |
| 200%–399% FPL | 1.09 (0.65 – 1.83) | 0.89 (0.49 – 1.63) | 1.02 (0.64 – 1.64) | 0.84 (0.52 – 1.35) |
| ≥400% FPL | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
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|
Household Educational Level
| ||||
| High school or less | 1.15 (0.58 – 2.29) | 0.62 (0.32 – 1.17) | 2.07 (1.18 – 3.61) | 1.05 (0.57 – 1.93) |
| >High school | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
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|
Age
| ||||
| 6–8 years | 0.17 (0.09 – 0.32) | 2.61 (1.31 – 5.20) | 1.48 (0.81 – 2.70) | 2.22 (1.25 – 3.96) |
| 9–11 years | 0.44 (0.23 – 0.82) | 2.41 (1.28 – 4.55) | 1.14 (0.67 – 1.94) | 2.00 (1.16 – 3.43) |
| 12–14 years | 0.64 (0.32 – 1.26) | 1.19 (0.63 – 2.24) | 0.78 (0.44 – 1.38) | 0.95 (0.54 – 1.67) |
| 15–17 years | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
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|
Gender
| ||||
| Male | 0.84 (0.51 – 1.41) | 1.45 (0.83 – 2.52) | 1.35 (0.84 – 2.15) | 1.03 (0.64 – 1.65) |
| Female | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
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|
Health Insurance Type
| ||||
| Public Insurance Only | 1.06 (0.55 – 2.04) | 0.76 (0.43 – 1.34) | 0.77 (0.45 – 1.32) | 1.17 (0.67 – 2.04) |
| Private Insurance or Both Public and Private Insurance | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
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|
Region
| ||||
| Northeast | 1.46 (0.76 – 2.80) | 0.96 (0.48 – 1.92) | 0.89 (0.50 – 1.60) | 1.17 (0.64 – 2.13) |
| Midwest | 1.74 (0.96 – 3.16) | 0.82 (0.43 – 1.57) | 0.89 (0.51 – 1.55) | 1.10 (0.62 – 1.97) |
| South | 1.05 (0.59 – 1.87) | 1.18 (0.62 – 2.24) | 1.00 (0.57 – 1.74) | 1.19 (0.67 – 2.11) |
| West | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
| ||||
|
Funcional Limitations
| ||||
| Yes | 2.83 (1.83 – 4.38) | 0.79 (0.49 – 1.28) | 0.82 (0.55 – 1.24) | 0.89 (0.59 – 1.34) |
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
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|
Family Structure
| ||||
| Single Mother | 1.32 (0.69 – 2.54) | 1.50 (0.76 – 2.97) | 0.72 (0.40 – 1.29) | 0.94 (0.55 – 1.62) |
| Other Family Structure | 1.01 (0.56 – 1.81) | 0.88 (0.44 – 1.75) | 1.56 (0.90 – 2.69) | 0.87 (0.50 – 1.49) |
| 2 Biological or Adoptive Parent | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Abbreviations: AOR, Adjusted Odds Ratio; CI, Confidence Interval
†
All models were adjusted for child age, gender, region, insurance type, household income level, race/ethnicity, family structure, and highest level of parental education.