Table 1.

Summary of Studies Evaluating Smoking Cessation Treatment in Pregnant Women in Medication-Assisted Treatment for an Opioid Use Disorder

Authors	N	N includes	Type of Treatment	Classification	Brief summary of findings	Biochemical Validation
Holbrook et al. (2011) (Holbrook & Kaltenbach, 2011)	91	Methadone maintained pregnant (N=44) and non-pregnant (N=47) cigarette smokers	6 week group smoking cessation intervention, training in coping skills for smoking cessation	Prospective	The number of self reported daily cigarettes decreased by 49% for pregnant patients and 32% for nonpregnant patients at 3-month followup	Not done
Haug et al. (2004) (Haug et al., 2004)	63	Methadone maintained pregnant cigarette smokers (≤26 weeks gestational age)	10 week intervention in two groups: 1.Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) (N=30) 2.Standard care (N=33)	Randomized controlled trial	No difference in smoking between the two groups. 1.MET condition more likely to have progressed on the stage continuum than were SC women (35% vs. 15%) 2.SC group was more likely to have regressed on the stage continuum than were the MET participants (30% vs. 4%)	Breath carbon monoxide, urine cotinine
Tuten et al. (2012) (Tuten et al., 2012)	102	Methadone maintained pregnant cigarette smokers (mean gestational age at entry = 16.6 weeks)	12 week outpatient intervention in three groups: 1.Contingent behavioral incentive (N=42) 2.Noncontingent behavioral incentive (N=28) 3.Treatment as usual (N=32)	Randomized controlled trial	1.Contingent behavioral incentive group: 48% met a target of 75% reduction in smoking, 31% were abstinent by week 12 2.Non-contingent behavior intervention group: 0% achieved 75% reduction and 0% achieved abstinence 3.Treatment as usual group: 2% achieved a 75% reduction, 0% achieved abstinence	Breath carbon monoxide, urine cotinine