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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 2.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Int. 2014 Jun 17;71:13–19. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.05.023

Normalized Concentration

  NCij=S𝒾𝒿¯PM2.5𝒾¯÷S𝒿¯PM2.5¯
Where: NCij represents the Normalized Concentration of species i in cluster j
Sij represents the mean Species Concentration j (Fe, OC, Na+, etc.) in cluster i
Sj represents the mean Species Concentration over all clusters
PM2.5 represents the concentration of PM2.5